The comparison of intraarticular morphine–bupivacaine and tramadol–bupivacaine in postoperative analgesia after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Abstract

I.

Single-Dose Intra-Articular Bupivacaine Versus Morphine After Arthroscopic Knee Surgery

“…This result was consistent with some previous research. 5,31,34,37,38 Nevertheless, we have to recognize the fact that none of the included studies included a long enough observation to detect the chondrotoxics of IA bupivacaine or morphine. Park et al 39 suggested that IA bupivacaine should be used cautiously for its detrimental chondrotoxicity.…”

Chondrotoxic effect of intraarticular bupivacaine administration

“…Unfortunately, period of time when the study has been conducted was not specified in the Hosseini et al [5] article. We are curious if the authors were aware of the adverse chondrotoxic effect of bupivacaine and if it was mentioned in the application to the ethics committees in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences.…”

Comparison of the postoperative analgesic effects of naproxen sodium and naproxen sodium-codeine phosphate for arthroscopic meniscus surgery

“…1,2 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently used for controlling arthroscopic pain 1,2 and have been administered alone or as intraarticular combinations with local anesthetics or opioids for these procedures. 2,3 This group of drugs have been demonstrated to reduce pain and inflammation due to arthroscopy, as well as effusions related to inflammation, by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. 4 The preoperative administration of NSAIDs may be more effective in reducing postoperative pain by inhibiting prostanoid production before the development of tissue injury.…”