The Comparison of Changes in Behavior, Neurochemistry, Endocrine, and Immune Functions after Different Routes, Doses and Durations of Administrations of IL-1β in Rats

Song, Cai; Horrobin, D. F.; Leonard, B. E.

doi:10.1055/s-2006-941557

Cited by 70 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…A significantly increased frequency of IL1RN*1/2 heterozygosity in our patients is in agreement with other works showing that dysregulation of IL-1 might play a significant role in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders [37], thus making the VNTR polymorphism in IL1RN a plausible biological candidate marker for BD. On the other hand, an increase in the frequency of IL1RN*2 allele carriage in patients with BD is in agreement with current etiopathological hypotheses of BD and schizophrenia, emphasizing that genetic and environmental factors contribute to the pathophysiological mechanisms of these illnesses.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Influence of IL-1RN Intron 2 Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTR) Polymorphism on Bipolar Disorder

et al. 2013

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Background/Aims: Several lines of evidence point to the role of neurobiological mechanisms and genetic background in bipolar disorder (BD). The interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) is the principal regulator of IL-1α and IL-1β bioactivities. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphisms of the IL-1Ra gene (IL1RN) in conferring susceptibility to BD. Methods: In total, 217 patients meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for BD and 212 controls were recruited for the study. Genotyping of IL1RN was determined by polymerase chain reaction amplification of VNTR of 86 base pairs in intron 2 of IL1RN. Results: The genotype distribution of IL1RN polymorphism was significantly different between BD patients and controls. The IL1RN*1/2 genotype was more prevalent in BD patients than in controls (44.2 vs. 30.2%, p = 0.003). Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that IL1RN*1/2 heterozygotes had a significantly higher risk for BD (OR 1.83 and 95% CI 1.22–2.74, p = 0.003). Further stratification of the BD patients into IL1RN*2 allele carrier and noncarrier subgroups revealed a strong association between IL1RN*2 carriage and prolongation of the disease (p = 0.02). Conclusions: These findings suggest a positive association between VNTR polymorphism in IL1RN and BD. Additional studies, particularly with a prospective approach, are necessary to clarify the precise role of the VNTR polymorphism on the disease in different ethnic populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Influence of IL-1RN Intron 2 Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTR) Polymorphism on Bipolar Disorder

et al. 2013

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“…Another possibility is that the cytokines can enter the brain possibly by retrograde transport up the vagus nerve. It is well known that administration of proinflammatory cytokines produce profound behavioural changes in rodents (Song et al, 2006), but if the afferent branches of the subdiaphramatic cytokines are lesioned then the cytokines are without effect on behaviour (Bluthe et al, 1996).…”

Section: Cytokines and How They 'Talk' To The Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychoneuroimmunology of depression

Leonard

Myint²

2009

Human Psychopharmacology

195

133

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Chronic stress, by initiating changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the immune system, acts as a trigger for anxiety and depression. There is experimental and clinical evidence that the rise in the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines and glucocorticoids, which occurs in a chronically stressful situation and also in depression, contribute to the behavioural changes associated with depression. A defect in serotonergic function is associated with these hormonal and immune changes. Neurodegenerative changes in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and amygdalae are the frequent outcome of the changes in the HPA axis and the immune system. Such changes may provide evidence for the link between chronic depression and dementia in later life.

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“…In this regard, it has been well documented that i.c.v. and regional brain IL-1 microinjections can mimic most of the aspects of an acute-phase response elicited by peripheral LPS challenge [35][36][37][38] . In addition, blocking brain IL-1 signaling with i.c.v.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central Blockade of IL-1 Does Not Impair Taste-LPS Associative Learning

Pacheco-López

Niemi

Kou

et al. 2007

Neuroimmunomodulation

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After saccharin intake is associated with the consequences of peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration, rats develop a strong conditioned avoidance behavior against this gustatory stimulus. To investigate the role of central interleukin-1 (IL-1) as a key signal during taste-LPS engram formation, rats were chronically infused with IL-1 receptor antagonist into the lateral ventricle of the brain before, during and after a single association trial. The results indicate that a stable taste-LPS engram can be formed even under the chronic blockade of central IL-1 signaling during engram formation and consolidation. More importantly, our data show that animals which did not experience a fever response during association phase (due to the LPS encounter) were unable to elicit hyperthermia as part of the conditioned response. These data indicate that pairing a relevant taste stimulus with an immune challenge, such as LPS, might result in the formation of multiple engrams, specifically codifying independent information.

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The Comparison of Changes in Behavior, Neurochemistry, Endocrine, and Immune Functions after Different Routes, Doses and Durations of Administrations of IL-1β in Rats

Cited by 70 publications

References 57 publications

Influence of IL-1RN Intron 2 Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTR) Polymorphism on Bipolar Disorder

Influence of IL-1RN Intron 2 Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTR) Polymorphism on Bipolar Disorder

The psychoneuroimmunology of depression

Central Blockade of IL-1 Does Not Impair Taste-LPS Associative Learning

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