The comparative validity of screening scales for postnatal common mental disorder in Kintampo, Ghana

Weobong, Benedict; Akpalu, Bright; Doku, V.; Owusu‐Agyei, Seth; Hurt, Lisa; Kirkwood, Betty; Prince, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2008.05.009

Cited by 111 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Three somewhat less discriminating symptoms-abnormal sleep, appetite=eating, and fatigue-still differentiated reasonably well between cases and noncases, with likelihood ratios of approximately 5-17. Our PHQ-9 item analysis results are quantitatively different from but qualitatively similar to those of Weobong et al, 8 on 160 postpartum women from Ghana, 18 of whom had PPD. Here, likelihood ratios were lower overall, ranging from 1.82 to 5.74, and symptoms with the lowest likelihood ratios (3.1) included sleep problems, feeling depressed, little interest, poor appetite, and feeling tired.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Three of these symptoms corresponded to our less discriminating symptom group (sleep, appetite, and fatigue). 8 The fact that the symptoms of abnormal sleep, poor appetite, and fatigue did not differentiate between cases and noncases as well as other symptoms does not lessen their importance. In fact, abnormal sleep=appetite and fatigue were the most prevalent of symptoms among our cases (women with positive PHQ-9 scores), with >70% of cases acknowledging these symptoms at nearly every observed interval.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Although one small study (n ¼ 13 depressed women) found the PHQ-9 to be less accurate than the EPDS or Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS), 6 the remaining three studies found the PHQ-9 to be sensitive and specific in identifying PPD, 7 better than or at least comparable to the EPDS. 8,9 Therefore, it appears that the PHQ-9, which was used in the present study, may be a valuable tool for studying PPD prevalence.…”

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confidence: 85%

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Changes in Depressive Symptoms over 0–9 Months Postpartum

Gjerdingen

Crow

McGovern

et al. 2011

Journal of Women's Health

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Objective: To investigate mothers' changes in prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) symptoms over 0-9 months postpartum and determine which symptoms best distinguish depressed from nondepressed women. Methods: This was a prospective study of English-literate mothers of newborns, recruited from four family medicine clinics and three pediatric clinics. Mothers completed surveys at 0-1, 2, 4, 6, and 9 months postpartum, and surveys included demographic characteristics, a two-question depression screen, the 9-Item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and other health and work characteristics. Results: There were 506 participants (33% response rate), and 112 (22.1%) had a positive PHQ-9 (score 10) at some time within the first 9 months after delivery. The proportion of women with a positive PHQ-9 was greatest at 0-1 month (12.5%), then fell to between 5.0% and 7.1% at 2-6 months, and rose again to 10.2% at 9 months postpartum. Most of the PHQ-9 symptoms differentiated well between depressed and nondepressed women; items that were less discriminating were abnormal sleep, abnormal appetite=eating, and fatigue. Assessment of possible predictors of a change from negative to positive PHQ-9 between 6 and 9 months postpartum revealed only one significant predictor: prior history of depression. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms in this sample were most frequent at 0-1 month and 9 months postpartum. Most PHQ-9 items differentiated well between depressed and nondepressed mothers; these findings support the use of the PHQ-9 for PPD screening. Future research is needed to confirm our observed secondary peak in depressive symptoms at 9 months postpartum and to investigate possible causes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 85%

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Changes in Depressive Symptoms over 0–9 Months Postpartum

Gjerdingen

Crow

McGovern

et al. 2011

Journal of Women's Health

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“…Examination of the issue across 11 countries (10 HICs and 1 low income country (LIC) -Uganda), supported the "universality" of postpartum morbid unhappiness but raised concerns about the cross-cultural equivalence of PND as an illness requiring clinical intervention (Oates et al, 2004). There has been expansion in the testing of PND screening instruments in LLMICs, significantly improving the validity and reliability of evidence relating to PND from these settings (Baggaley et al, 2007;Banerjee et al, 2000;Gausia et al, 2007;Hanlon et al, 2008;Kaaya et al, 2008;Kazi et al, 2009;Pollock et al, 2006;Randhawa et al, 2009;Regmi et al, 2002;Spies et al, 2009;Stewart et al, 2009;Tesfaye et al, 2010;Weobong et al, 2009;Wulsin et al, 2002). In our mapping we take an inclusive approach and include studies that assessed depression in the postpartum period, for which we do not know the timing of the onset of depression, including maternal depression in the postpartum period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poverty and postnatal depression: a systematic mapping of the evidence from low and lower middle income countries

et al. 2012

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This study systematically maps, assesses and aggregates research relating to postnatal depression (PND) and poverty in low and lower middle income countries (LLMICs). Our search of 12 databases yielded 2,202 articles, of which 47 items from 17 countries were included in our mapping. We highlight mechanisms for the relationships between poverty and PND in LLMICs. The research base on the relationships between poverty and PND in LLMIC is limited, but has recently expanded. It is dominated by studies that consider whether poverty is a risk factor for PND. Income, socio-economic status and education are all inconsistent risk factors for PND. Clues to better ways of framing and capturing economic stress in PND research is found in the qualitative studies included in our mapping. Evidence focuses overwhelmingly on individual-level analyses. To understand the scale and implications of PND in LLMICs, research has to take account of neighbourhoods, communities, and localities.

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“…Women were screened once at pregnancy (over 20,000 women), and again between 4 and 12 weeks after birth (close to 14,000) with the locally validated Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) [3]. Other data collected included: sociodemographics, obstetric histories, pregnancies, births, deaths and infant and maternal health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of the Depression in ObaapaVitA and Newhints (DON) Population-based Cohort Study towards Perinatal Depression Epidemiologythe Ghana Model

Weobong¹,

Kirkwood²

2015

J Depress Anxiety

Self Cite

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, or developing workable interventions from scratch. It will also be apt to add value to these interventions by incorporating other interventions that promote child growth and development, which is beginning to gain considerable currency as a public health issue requiring immediate attention. The benefits from such integrated interventions are huge, guaranteeing optimal child development and growth, school readiness, optimal adolescent growth and health, and ultimately a productive and healthy adult population. ConclusionThe stage has been set for testing psychological treatments and behavioral interventions in this setting. The critical evidence on the burden, determinants, and consequences of perinatal depression, supporting the need for interventions was made entirely possible through healthy collaborations with maternal and child health initiatives. The Ghana model has provided a clear demonstration of how to merge mental health with other health interventions and the huge benefits that accrue to both. Journal of Depression and AnxietyJo urna l o f D e pr essio n a n d A nxiety ISSN: 2167-1044Citation: Weobong B, Kirkwood BR (2015) Contribution of the Depression in ObaapaVitA and Newhints (DON) Population-based Cohort Study towards Perinatal Depression Epidemiology-the Ghana Model.

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The comparative validity of screening scales for postnatal common mental disorder in Kintampo, Ghana

Cited by 111 publications

References 28 publications

Changes in Depressive Symptoms over 0–9 Months Postpartum

Changes in Depressive Symptoms over 0–9 Months Postpartum

Poverty and postnatal depression: a systematic mapping of the evidence from low and lower middle income countries

Contribution of the Depression in ObaapaVitA and Newhints (DON) Population-based Cohort Study towards Perinatal Depression Epidemiologythe Ghana Model

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