The Comparative Rates of Growth and Calcification of the Femur, Tibia and Metatarsus Bones of the Male and Female New Hampshire Chicken Having Straight Keel

Buckner, Gregory D.; Insko, W. M.; Harms, Amanda; Henry,; Wachs, E

doi:10.3382/ps.0290332

Cited by 14 publications

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“…Buckner et al (1950) observed a > 98 % as differences in tibia bone lengths in male and female New Hampshire chickens aged 196 days. The bone weights of chickens breeds used in this study were significantly higher for males than females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although when the polynomial function of tibia and femur weights was calculated, R-value of 88 % for tibia and 91 % for femur are results of variations of the body weight for indigenous Venda chickens. Applegate and Lilburn (2002) and Buckner et al (1950) observed that > 98 % of the variations in tibia and femur weights are function of the body weight for broiler chickens aged 43 days and New Hampshire chickens aged 23 weeks. Tibia and femur width of the male and female Ross 308 in the current study tended to follow a similar trend as the bone weights and lengths.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bone Morphometric Parameters of the Tibia and Femur of Indigenous and Broiler Chickens Reared Intensively

Mabelebele¹

2017

Appl. Ecol. Env. Res.

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Abstract. Good structure and function of skeletal system are among the important factors in poultry management. Therefore, understanding the bone parameters of chickens is of paramount importance as they indicate the basic supportive, locomotive and protective functions. The aim of this study was to determine the bone measurements of Ross 308 broiler and Venda chickens aged 90 days. A 2 (breed) × 2 (sex) factorial arrangement in a completely randomised design was used and replicated four times with 20 birds per replicate. A total of 80 Ross 308 broilers and Venda chickens (20 males, 20 females of each breed) were sacrificed to measure the carcass, tibia, femur and fibula characteristics. A digital calliper and electronic scale were used to measure the length, diameter and weight of the bones. Ash contents of the bones were determined. Tibiotarsal, seedor and robusticity indices of the tibia and femur bones were measured. Tibia and femur lengths and widths were shorter in Venda chickens than those of Ross 308 broiler chickens. Ash contents of tibia and femur diaphysis and epiphysis of male and female Ross 308 broiler and Venda chickens varied significantly between the two breeds. Tibia and femur Seedor index were higher in males and females of Ross 308 broiler than Venda chickens. Diaphysis and medullary canal diameter were higher in Ross 308 broiler chickens than Venda chickens. The tibiotarsal index was lower for Ross 308 broiler than Venda chickens. Sex and breed affected the bone length, weight and width of Ross 308 broiler and Venda chickens at 90 days of age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Morphometric Parameters of the Tibia and Femur of Indigenous and Broiler Chickens Reared Intensively

Mabelebele¹

2017

Appl. Ecol. Env. Res.

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“…Unfortunately, BW was not reported. Buckner et al (1950) compared the growth of long bones from 2 to 28 wk in New Hampshire chickens. The greatest proportional increase in BW occurred between 2 and 10 wk (lOx).…”

Section: Skeletal Development Research In Chickensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal Growth of Commercial Poultry Species

Lilburn

1994

Poultry Science

112

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There have been significant increases in growth and development of commercial broilers, turkeys, and ducks. The large decline in days to market and disproportional increases in breast yield have contributed to greater incidences of various skeletal anomalies. Across all three species, tibial dyschondroplasia is observed about half-way through the growing period (50%), but in each case the birds have achieved 40% or less of their final BW. Relative tibia development (length and width) is significantly slower in broilers compared with turkeys and ducks, which suggests a greater susceptibility to biomechanical problems, the end result of which is abnormal long bone development. There are relatively few studies that have addressed changes in the femur as well as the tibia. There are indications that mineralization rates and other aspects of femur development occur more slowly than what is observed for the tibia. In this regard, the femur may be the weak link with respect to long bone developmental abnormalities. Nutrient restriction during short periods of the growout has proven to be an effective way of decreasing leg abnormalities. In all cases, however, there are corresponding declines in BW at normal market ages and associated declines in absolute breast muscle development. In the future, however, these fractional losses in measures of carcass yield may still be economically advantageous compared with the cost of increased leg problems under field conditions.

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“…The tibia has been used extensively as an indicator of optimal skeletal growth in poultry (Buckner et al, 1950;Norman and Hurwitz, 1993;Lilburn, 1994;Jendral et al, 2008). The femur, however, may be a better index of overall skeletal development given that it is more closely associated with overall bone mineral density than the tibia (Melton et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A comparison of long bone development in historical and contemporary ducks

et al. 2012

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The selection for growth and carcass traits in poultry meat species has contributed to increased interest in understanding and characterizing skeletal growth as the birds struggle to balance skeletal development with increased BW and muscle mass. The objective of this study was to compare the physical characteristics and mineralization of the tibia and femur from commercial Pekin ducks representing circa 1993 and 2010 commercial strains. In 1993, the femur and tibia were collected from 8 ducks at 11 ages between 11 and 53 d. A similar study was done in 2010 in which the femur and tibia were collected from 8 ducks at 12 sample ages between 10 and 49 d. All bones were weighed and the length and width at 50% of length were measured. Each bone was subsequently cut into epiphyseal (top 25% of length) and diaphyseal (midregion at 50% of length) sections. Each bone segment was extracted with ether, hot weighed, and ashed. The 2010 contemporary ducks reached market weight faster than the 1993 ducks. Therefore, statistical comparisons were made at common BW as well as at common ages. The mean tibia length of the 2010 duck was 0.75 cm greater (P < 0.05) at similar ages and similar BW. The percentage ash in the diaphyseal region of the tibia was 3% greater (P < 0.05) in the 2010 versus 1993 ducks. The percentage epiphyseal ash in the femur was 10% lower (P < 0.01) at 10 d and 14 d in the 2010 ducks but there were no significant differences by 18 d of age. The lower epiphyseal ash values at both younger ages and smaller BW in the 2010 contemporary ducks suggests that it is critical to monitor those factors that influence bone mineralization in contemporary ducklings that can achieve market BW at earlier chronological ages.

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The Comparative Rates of Growth and Calcification of the Femur, Tibia and Metatarsus Bones of the Male and Female New Hampshire Chicken Having Straight Keel

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Bone Morphometric Parameters of the Tibia and Femur of Indigenous and Broiler Chickens Reared Intensively

Bone Morphometric Parameters of the Tibia and Femur of Indigenous and Broiler Chickens Reared Intensively

Skeletal Growth of Commercial Poultry Species

A comparison of long bone development in historical and contemporary ducks

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