“…We predict that the financial information audited by quality auditors (i.e., Big 4 audit firms) would produce generally more reliable estimates in OCI, leading to higher predictive value for future performance. As in prior studies, we construct a dummy variable named Big 4, which equals to 1 for the firms audited by Big 4 auditors, and 0 otherwise (Muhammad, Shah, & Islam, 2014;Muhammad, Rehman, & Waqas, 2016;Mohammadi & Esmaeilioghaz, 2017;Khudadad, Tahir, & Jan, 2018;Chu & Ki, 2019). We then divide the sample based on Big 4 and estimate the regression models (1) and ( 2) for each subsample.…”