The Comparative Ethology and Evolution of the Sand Wasps

Evans, Howard E.

doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674333369

Cited by 142 publications

(120 citation statements)

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“…Chalybion mortuum Cockerell, 1907 (Sceliphrinae, Sceliphrini) from the Upper Eocene shales of Florissant, Colorado has a short but distinct petiole. Hoplisidia kohliana Cockerell, 1906 (Sceliphrinae, Sceliphrini) also from Upper Eocene shales of Florissant, Colorado described in ''Nyssonidae'' and attributed to Tiphiidae (Evans 1966) and later to Sceliphrini (Menke & Rasnitsyn 1987) also have a short petiole, though its precise structure is not visible in the type specimen.…”

Section: Etymologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The wasps, bees and ants (Insecta: Vespida=Hymenoptera) from the Insect Limestone (Late Eocene) of the Isle of Wight, UK

Антропов¹,

Belokobylskij

Compton³

et al. 2013

Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Socie

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The types and undescribed material of the hymenopteran fossils of the Insect Bed of the Bembridge Marls from the Isle of Wight (UK) are critically revised and studied. A total of 1460 fossils are recorded and attributed to 20 families: Gasteruptiidae s.l. (1); Proctotrupidae (3); Diapriidae (24); Cynipidae (7); Figitidae (6); Pteromalidae (1); Agaonidae (3); Scelionidae (12); Platygastridae (2); Ichneumonidae (32); Braconidae (75); Bethylidae (3); Crabronidae (2); Sphecidae (1); Apidae (2); Scoliidae (1); Tiphiidae (2); Vespidae (4); and Formicidae (1220). Described as new are 51 species, 13 genera, two tribes and two subfamilies. Minimum number of species recorded (either as described species or representing higher taxa with no described species in the assemblage) is 118. The composition of the hymenopteran assemblage is most similar to that of Baltic amber and indicative of a well forested territory, as well as of a humid, equable (aseasonal but not very hot) climate, more typically equable than in the Baltic amber source area, judging from the absence of Aphidiinae and scarcity of aphids.

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Section: Etymologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The wasps, bees and ants (Insecta: Vespida=Hymenoptera) from the Insect Limestone (Late Eocene) of the Isle of Wight, UK

Антропов¹,

Belokobylskij

Compton³

et al. 2013

Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Socie

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nevertheless, 14 nests (30.4%) did contain first or second instar larvae when excavated, and these nests do fit Evans (1966) definition Psyche [Vol. 87 of delayed provisioning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As Evans (1966) points out, the distinction between mass and delayed provisioning is a tenuous one. Indeed, if provisioning is delayed merely because of inclement weather (as were two nests at GF) or temporary paucity of prey as Evans (1966) suggests, then any distinction between mass and delayed provisioning is artificial. Proof of delayed provisioning requires that the insect delay its pace of provisioning even when prey are abundant and weather conducive to flight, and A. aberti does not appear to do this in any consistent way.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evans (1966) delimited three basic types of provisioning behavior which are thought to form an evolutionary sequence: 1) mass provisioning, in which prey are brought to the cell in rapid succession and the cell is completed before eclosion of the egg; 2) delayed provisioning, in which prey are sometimes stocked over a longer period of time due to environmental circumstances, and egg eclosion occasionally occurs before provisioning is completed; and 3) progressive provisioning, in which prey are provided over an extended period of time, and the offspring pass through several larval instars before the final prey item is presented and the cell sealed. Evans (1966) (Evans 1966). In addition, Malyshev (1968) suggested that prey items are fresher and less likely to be unsuitable to offspring when supplied progressively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, A. aberti, is not restricted to geometrids as prey items and a substantial number of nests (32.0%) are provisioned with two or more prey species. offspring of the cleptoparasite (Wheeler 1919, Evans 1966, Bohart 1970, Eickwort 1975 Soon after this sequence was completed, Silver located another nest that had just been finished by White. Silver opened this nest, removed four larvae, one at a time, and deposited them adjacent to the burrow entrance (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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