The comparative enzymology of the glutathione S-transferases from non-vertebrate organisms

Clark, Andy

doi:10.1016/0305-0491(89)90114-4

Cited by 123 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 128 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…GSTs catalyse the conjugation of the tripeptide glutathione (GSH) with xenobiotics (e.g. PAHs and PCBs) (Clark, 1989;Stegeman et al, 1992) and metals (Pellerin-Massicotte, 1994;Regoli and Principato, 1995). Catalase (CAT) is a hematin-containing enzyme that reduces hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) to water and is widely used as a biomarker of oxidative stress (Winston and Di Giulio, 1991;Stegeman et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of biomarker levels in flounder (Platichthys flesus) and blue mussel (Mytilus trossulus) from the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic)

Kopecka¹,

Lehtonen²,

Baršienė³

et al. 2006

Marine Pollution Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the framework of the EU funded BEEP project a set of biomarkers, gross morphometric indices and tissue concentrations of selected organic pollutants were measured in flounder (Platichthys flesus) and mussels (Mytilus trossulus) collected twice a year (April and October) from three sites in the inner Gulf of Gdań sk between autumn 2001 and spring 2003. In flounder, seasonal differences in most biomarkers were observed, but no correlations with tissue pollutant levels could be found. In mussels, highly variable levels in biomarker responses were seen, but no clear seasonal or spatial trends, directly related to tissue concentrations, could be established. The observed biomarkers distribution the study sites are probably mostly caused by interannual, seasonal and individual variability and, in case of flounder, possibly by exchange of stocks between the sampling sites.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of biomarker levels in flounder (Platichthys flesus) and blue mussel (Mytilus trossulus) from the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic)

Kopecka¹,

Lehtonen²,

Baršienė³

et al. 2006

Marine Pollution Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When conjugated to reduced glutathione (GSH), potentially toxic substances become more water soluble and generally less toxic (2). GSTs play an important role in insecticide resistance and are involved in die metabolism of organophosphorous and organo-chlorine compounds (3)(4)(5)(6). Other xenobiotics such as plant defence allelochemicals against phytophagous insects induce GST activity (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hoverfly Glutathione S-Transferases and Effect of Brassicaceae Secondary Metabolites

Vanhaelen¹,

Haubruge²,

Lognay

et al. 2001

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Episyrphus balteatus hoverfly is commonly found in very diversified biotopes including Brassicaceae crop fields. Glutathione S-transferases (GST) are detoxification enzymes that are involved in the metaboliza-tion of plant allelochemicals such as glucosinolates and related volatile products (mainly isothiocyanates) from Brassica plants. Developmental expression of E. balteatus glutathione S-transferases was studied. With regard to the high level of glutathione S-transferase activity in syrphid adults, the latter stage was also used to assess the glutathione S-transferase distribution in several parts of the insect. Higher glutathione S-transferase activities were found in the thorax (47.5 and 38.5%) followed by the abdomen (32.4 and 32.9%) and the head (20.4 and 28.5%) with l-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, and 2,4-dinitro-l-iodebenzene, respectively. Analysis of Brevicoryne brassicae, the cabbage aphid, by GC-MS revealed the presence of isothiocyanates. The latter are the main degradation products of the glucosinolate from the host plant at neutral pH. Feeding the predators with this aphid species and with the generalist Myzus persicae reared on Brassica napus induced glutathione S-transferase activity. Impact of volatiles from the host plant on the glutathione S-transferase activity was also determined by exposure of syrphid larvae to isothiocyanates (allyl-and benzyl-isothiocyanates). Enzyme inductions were observed only from a 1 ppm concentration. Enzymatic activity evolution was discussed as an adaptation to cope with allelochemicals from plants. Finally, the glutathione 5-transferase activities of several hoverfly species were compared in relation to their feeding behavior (coprophagous, saprophagous, and aphidophagous) at the larval stages. The results seem to indicate quantitative and qualitative differences of glutathione S-transferases according to the feeding behavior of the larvae.

show abstract

“…polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (reviewed by James 1989, Stegeman 1989, Livingstone 1991. Two of the most important enzyme systems involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics are cytochrome P450s (Guengerich 1991) and glutathione transferases (Clark 1989). These biotransformation enzymes are known to b e involved in the metabolism of dietary allelochemicals in terrestrial systems (Gonzalez & Nebert 1990, Berenbaum 1991 and we propose that these enzymes may play a similar role in marine organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotransformation enzymes in Cyphoma gibbosum (Gastropoda: Ovulidae)- implications for detoxification of gorgonian allelochemicals

Vrolijk¹,

Targett²

1992

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The role of biotransformation enzymes in metabolism of lipophilic, dietary allelochemicals such as terpenoids and steroids has not been studied in marine organisms despite the significance of allelochemicals in the evolution of biotransformation enzymes and the importance of these enzymes in detoxification of anthropogenic xenobiotics. Here we report on cytochrome P450 and glutathione transferase (GST) from the digestive gland of Cyphoma gibbosum, a specialist predator that feeds on allelochemically rich gorgonian corals. Levels of these enzymes were compared from C. gibbosum collected in Belize from 4 different gorgonian prey species (Briareum asbestinum, Gorgonia ventalina, Plexaura homomalla, and Pseudopterogorgia americana). Cytochrome P450 specific content was very low and only quantifiable in C, gibbosum collected from P americana (21.4 to 27.4 pm01 mg-'1. A peak at ca 420 nm was also detected in most samples, indicative of degraded P450 or an independent, functional haemoprotein Methoxyresorufin 0-deethylase (MROD) and ethoxyresorufin 0-deethylase (EROD) were not detected in C. gibbosum. However, NADPH-cytochrome c (P4501 reductase (NCR) was detected in all samples and the specific activity ranged from 23.2 to 67.3 nmol min-' mg-' protein. Significantly higher NCR activity was detected in C. gibbosum collected from prostaglandin-rich P. homomalla. Glutathione transferase specific activity ranged from 2.76 to 4.05 pm01 min-' mg-l, ranking it among the highest ever reported (using l-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene as a model substrate). Significantly higher GST activity was detected in C. gibbosum collected from G. ventalina and B. asbestinum, suggesting that GST actlvity varies in response to different suites of gorgonian allelochemicals.

show abstract

The comparative enzymology of the glutathione S-transferases from non-vertebrate organisms

Cited by 123 publications

References 128 publications

Measurements of biomarker levels in flounder (Platichthys flesus) and blue mussel (Mytilus trossulus) from the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic)

Measurements of biomarker levels in flounder (Platichthys flesus) and blue mussel (Mytilus trossulus) from the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic)

Hoverfly Glutathione S-Transferases and Effect of Brassicaceae Secondary Metabolites

Biotransformation enzymes in Cyphoma gibbosum (Gastropoda: Ovulidae)- implications for detoxification of gorgonian allelochemicals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About