THE COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF VITAMIN DEFICIENCY ON DEVELOPMENT AND ON ADULT FECUNDITY OF <i>TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM</i>

Applebaum, Shalom W.; Lubin, Yael

doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.1967.tb00041.x

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…-a m ajor cosmo politan pest of flour, meal and different kinds of stored cereal products (KINGS & DAWSON, 1977) -is mostly derived from already availa ble accounts (GOOD, 1933;PARK & DAVIS, 1945;BIRCH ET AL, 1951;KHALIFA & BADAWY, 1955 a & b;KRISHNA, 1959;SCHLA-GER, 1960;DAWSON, 1964;ERDMAN, 1964;APPLEBAUM & LUBIN, 1967;VARDELL & BROWER, 1976;HAMALAINEN & LOSCHIAVO, 1977) and from the latest information contained in a forthcoming pu blication (SINGH & KRISHNA, 1981). However, the contributions m a de by all these workers hardly dwell upon the influence of age of both sexes (although DAWSON (1964) and VARDELL & BROWER (1976) have briefly reported some of their findings concerning this issue) or time of the 24 -hour daily cycle on the female's m ating an d /o r her subsequent egg laying.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on some specific biological and temporal factors affecting mating and/or oviposition in Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) coleoptera: Tenebrionidae

Singh

Krishna

1980

Bol. Zool. (Online)

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RESUMOM achos a fêm eas de Tribolium castan eu m , recém -eclcdidos, parearam para copulação durante os dois períodos de 8 h oras (octetos) (de 6:00 a té 14:00 ou de 14:00 a té 22:00 hs) de um ciclo diário de 24 horas e com eçaram a oviposição no l.o ou 2.o d ia após o p aream ento. O casal m onogâm ico, geralm en te p erfaz m ú ltip las copulações (n a m aioria das vezes, 3 ou 4) durante aqueles perío dos. O coito é sem pre curto e dura de 25 a 208 segundos. D iferen ças em idade de m ach os e fêm eas n a época da copulação produzem variações in teressa n tes nos padrões de oviposição n este inseto. Ém todas as situ a çõ es exp erim en tais estudadas, n ão foi a feta d a a viabilidade de 100% dos ovos p ostos p elas fêm eas. ABSTRACT F reshly em erged m ales and fem ales of Tribolium castan eu m coupled for m a tin g during any of tw o 8-hour periods (octets) (6.00 th ro u g h 14.00 or 14.00 through 22.00) of a 24-hour daily cycle com m ence ovip osition on th e 1st or 2nd day follow in g pairing. The two sexes co n stitu tin g a sin gle pair gen erally perform m ultip le m atin gs (in m ost in sta n ces 3 or 4 tim es) during any of th ese octets. C oitus session s betw een m ales and fem ales are alw ays brief and range from 25 to 208 seconds. D ifferen ces in age of m ales and fem a les a t th e tim e of th eir m atin g produce in terestin g variation s in th e ovip osition al p a ttern s in th is in sec t w ith o u t a ffe c tin g th e 100% viab ility of eggs la id by th e fem a les in all ex p erim en tal situ a tio n s studied.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on some specific biological and temporal factors affecting mating and/or oviposition in Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) coleoptera: Tenebrionidae

Singh

Krishna

1980

Bol. Zool. (Online)

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“…The confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val, and the red flour beetle, T.castaneum (Herbst), thrive better in whole wheat flour than in white (patent) flours (Good, 1933, Miller, 1944; the smaller amount of B-vitamins in white flour has been claimed to be one of the reasons for its nutritional inferiority (Fraenkel & Biewett, 1941, Barton-Wright, 1941, Many workers have studied the qualitative and quantitative vitamin requirements of flour beetles (Fraenkel & Blewett, 1943and 1947, Pant & Gabrani, 1963, Pant & Dang, 1965, Applebaum & Lubin, 1967. They generally agreed that both species require thiamine, niacin and riboflavin, in addition of other B-vitamins.…”

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confidence: 99%

EFFECT OF SYNTHETIC B‐VITAMIN AND NATURAL ENRICHMENT OF FLOUR ON LARVAL DEVELOPMENT AND FECUNDITY OF TRIBOLIUM CONFUSUM AND T. CASTANEUM¹

Hämäläinen¹,

Loschiavo²

1977

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Larval developmental time and adult fecundity of the flour beetles Tribolium confusum and T. castaneum were measured on twelve different diets: top patent flour; top patent flour enriched with riboflavin, thiamine and niacin, singly or in combinations; top patent flour mixed with bran, germ or both; and whole wheat flour. Larval mortality did not exceed 5% on any of the diets. Larvae of both species developed slightly faster and laid significantly more eggs in flour enriched with the three vitamins than in unenriched patent flour. The improvement was due to the addition of riboflavin. The addition of thiamine or niacin or both did not accelerate development or increase fecundity. It was concluded that top patent flour contains enough thiamine and niacin but not enough riboflavin for proper growth and development of flour beetles. Whole wheat flour was the best diet for T. castaneum, and the flour‐germ‐bran mixture for T. confusum. Larvae of T. confusum developed as rapidly in the mixture, as in whole wheat flour, but the adults laid significantly more eggs. T. castaneum was equally fecund on these diets, but developed faster in the coarser whole wheat flour. In both species, especially T. castaneum, dietary components had a greater effect on fecundity than on rate of larval development. RÉSUMÉ EFFETS SUR LE DEVELOPPEMENT LARVAIRE ET LA FECONDITE DE TRIBOLIUM CONFUSUM ET T. CASTANEUM DE DIVERS TYPES DE FARINE DE BLE, ENRICHIE EN ELEMENTS NATURELS OU EN VITAMINES DE SYNTHESE Le taux de développement larvaire et la fécondité des sujets adultes du Tribolium brun de la farine, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin duVal, et du Tribolium rouge de la farine, Tribolium castaneum Herbst, ont été examinés en rapport avec 12 formules alimentaires différentes: fleur de farine; fleur de farine enrichie de riboflavine, de thiamine et de niacine, seules ou combinées; fleur de farine mélangée de son, de germe de blé ou de ces deux éléments à la fois; enfin, farine de blé entier. Dans chacun de ces régimes, la mortalité larvaire n'a jamais été supérieure à 5%. Les larves de ces deux espèces se sont developpées légèrement plus vite et ont pondu beaucoup plus d'oeufs avec le régime de fleur de farine enrichie de trois vitamines qu'avec le régime de fleur de farine non enrichie. Ces améliorations du développement sont dûes à la riboflavine, car l'addition de thiamine ou de niacine, seules ou associées, n'a ni accéléré le développement ni augmenté la fécondité. On en a conclu que la fleur de farine contenait assez de thiamine et de niacine, mais qu'il y avait une insuffisance en riboflavine pour assurer le développement et la croissance des Tribolium spp. La farine de blé entier a été la plus efficace pour les T. castaneum, et le mélange de farine, de germe et de son a eu les mêmes effets sur les T. confusum. Les larves des T. confusum se sont développées au même rythme dans ce mélange que dans la farine de blé entier, toutefois les sujets adultes ont pondu une quantité d'oeufs beaucoup plus grande dans ce même mélange. Les T. castaneum étaie...

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“…White rice, having lost a coating layer through milling, is softer than brown rice and therefore may not provide the chemical or textural ovipositional cues that brown rice does. A study on the effect of vitamin deficient diets on development and fecundity of T. castaneum showed that thiamine deficiency slowed development time of immature stages and increased mortality of larvae but did not affect fecundity or fertility (Applebaum and Lubin, 1967). This finding suggests that thiamine deficiency is responsible for the delayed development of S.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics of phosphine resistance in the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Nguyen¹

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The rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus) is a cosmopolitan insect pest that can cause severe damage to stored grain with regard to both quality (loss of nutritional and aesthetic value) and quantity (loss of grain weight). Heavy reliance on the fumigant phosphine to disinfest stored products has led to resistance to phosphine in many insect species including S. oryzae. The frequency and level of phosphine resistance in S. oryzae has increased in the last fifty years in Asian and Africa countries and recently in Australia as well. A strongly phosphine resistant strain of S. oryzae was first detected in 2009 in Australia. I have determined the strong resistance trait in this strain to be incompletely recessive, autosomal and controlled by at least two major genes. The weakly resistant Australian strain shares a common resistance factor with the strongly resistant strain (So_rph1), which is responsible for weak resistance. I also compared the resistance trait of the Australian strain to that of collected from Vietnam and China. Complementation analysis revealed a shared genetic mechanism of phosphine resistance between the three strains that I tested.I then identified and sequenced the genes conferring phosphine resistance in this species.This process began with simply sequencing transcripts of the two genes known to be responsible for phosphine resistance in Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum (rph1/tc_rph1 and rph2/tc_rph2). rph2/tc_rph2 had been published and was known to encode the metabolic enzyme, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD). Variants of DLD (So_rph2) also cause strong resistance in S. oryzae when interacting with resistance variants of So_rph1. Therefore, rph2/DLD is responsible for strong resistance in each of the three species. A specific substitution mutation (N505T) in DLD is likely responsible for phosphine resistance as it is found in all strongly resistant strains of S. oryzae from Australia, Vietnam and China. A fitness cost associated with the resistance allele of So_rph2 was observed in the absence of selection in populations derive from the F 1 progeny between a strongly resistant strain and strains lacking a resistance allele at So_rph2.As DLD is one of three subunits (E1, E2, E3) of α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes, Ihypothesized that suppression of the activity of subunits other than DLD might also result in resistance to phosphine. Thiamine pyrophosphate is critical cofactor of the E1 subunit and is required by very few other enzymes. I reasoned that insects cultured on a diet of white rice, which is deficient in thiamine, would experience inhibition of the activity of E1. I expected to observe the change in response to phosphine in both the susceptible and ii resistance strains of S. oryzae when fed on white rice diet compared with the thiamine containing diet of whole grain (brown rice or whole wheat). Against my expectation, I found no significant affect of a thiamine deficient diet toward phosphine resistance in S. oryzae.A diet of white rice, however, did ...

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THE COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF VITAMIN DEFICIENCY ON DEVELOPMENT AND ON ADULT FECUNDITY OF TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Studies on some specific biological and temporal factors affecting mating and/or oviposition in Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) coleoptera: Tenebrionidae

Studies on some specific biological and temporal factors affecting mating and/or oviposition in Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) coleoptera: Tenebrionidae

EFFECT OF SYNTHETIC B‐VITAMIN AND NATURAL ENRICHMENT OF FLOUR ON LARVAL DEVELOPMENT AND FECUNDITY OF TRIBOLIUM CONFUSUM AND T. CASTANEUM¹

Genetics of phosphine resistance in the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

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THE COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF VITAMIN DEFICIENCY ON DEVELOPMENT AND ON ADULT FECUNDITY OF TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Studies on some specific biological and temporal factors affecting mating and/or oviposition in Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) coleoptera: Tenebrionidae

Studies on some specific biological and temporal factors affecting mating and/or oviposition in Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) coleoptera: Tenebrionidae

EFFECT OF SYNTHETIC B‐VITAMIN AND NATURAL ENRICHMENT OF FLOUR ON LARVAL DEVELOPMENT AND FECUNDITY OF TRIBOLIUM CONFUSUM AND T. CASTANEUM1

Genetics of phosphine resistance in the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

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EFFECT OF SYNTHETIC B‐VITAMIN AND NATURAL ENRICHMENT OF FLOUR ON LARVAL DEVELOPMENT AND FECUNDITY OF TRIBOLIUM CONFUSUM AND T. CASTANEUM¹