The comparative effectiveness, under epidemic conditions, of the intradermal versus subcutaneous antityphoid vaccination estimated by epidemiological surveillance and laboratory tests

Dimache, G

doi:10.1016/s0176-6724(86)80023-2

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We used a random effects model to pool logit-transformed estimates of the incidence of these outcomes among vaccine recipients 18. For studies that reported toxicity on a “per dose” basis for multidose regimens (instead of “per subject”) we counted each dose as a separate subject for pooled estimates 6 21 22 23 24 25 26…”

Section: Analysis Of Vaccine Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Typhoid fever vaccines: a meta-analysis of studies on efficacy and toxicity

Engels

Falagas

Lau

et al. 1998

BMJ

152

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To estimate the efficacy and toxicity of typhoid fever vaccines. Design: Meta-analysis of randomised efficacy trials and both randomised and non-randomised toxicity studies of the parenteral whole cell, oral Ty21a, and parenteral Vi vaccines. Subjects: 1 866 951 subjects in 17 efficacy trials; 11 204 subjects in 20 toxicity studies. Main outcome measures: Pooled estimates of three year cumulative efficacy, year specific efficacy, and incidence of adverse events. Results: Three year cumulative efficacy was 73% (95% confidence interval 65% to 80%) for two doses of whole cell vaccines (based on seven trials); 51% (35% to 63%) for three doses of Ty21a vaccine (four trials); and 55% (30% to 71%) for one dose of Vi vaccine (one trial). For whole cell and Ty21a vaccines, regimens of fewer doses were less effective. Efficacy was shown to be significant for five years for whole cell vaccines, four years for Ty21a vaccine, and two years for Vi vaccine. Neither the age of vaccine recipient nor the incidence of typhoid fever in the control group (varying from 6 to 810 cases per 100 000 person years) affected the efficacy of the whole cell or Ty21a vaccines. After vaccination, fever occurred in 15.7% (11.5% to 21.2%) of whole cell vaccine recipients, 2.0% (0.7% to 5.3%) of Ty21a vaccine recipients, and 1.1% (0.1% to 12.3%) of Vi vaccine recipients. Conclusions: Whole cell vaccines are more effective than the Ty21a and Vi vaccines but are more frequently associated with adverse events. Whether the added efficacy of the whole cell vaccines outweighs their toxicity will depend on the setting in which vaccination is used.

show abstract

Section: Analysis Of Vaccine Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Typhoid fever vaccines: a meta-analysis of studies on efficacy and toxicity

Engels

Falagas

Lau

et al. 1998

BMJ

152

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Epidemics where evidence of a single source was not obvious initially led to mass vaccination campaigns in Hannover, Germany in 1926 (as discussed earlier) 24,25 and in two contiguous towns in Romania in 1974. 47 In these towns, where no typhoid fever had occurred for several years, a rapid increase in cases was reported in June 1974. Beginning in July 1974, 39,670 inhabitants of these two towns were immunized with a heat/phenol-inactivated vaccine.…”

Section: History Of the Use Of Mass Vaccination For The Control Of Enmentioning

confidence: 98%

Considerations regarding mass vaccination against typhoid fever as an adjunct to sanitation and public health measures: potential use in an epidemic in Tajikistan.

Tarr

Kuppens²,

Jones³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We report on the ongoing epidemic of typhoid fever in Tajikistan that started in 1996. It has involved more than 24,000 cases to date, and is characterized by multiple point sources, overflow of sewage, contaminated municipal water, and person-to-person spread. Of the Salmonella typhi isolates available for testing in western laboratories, more than 90% are multidrug-resistant (MDR). Most recently, 28 (82%) of 34 isolates are resistant to ciprofloxacin, representing the first reported epidemic of quinolone-resistant typhoid fever. In the past, mass immunization during typhoid fever epidemics has been discouraged. A review of this policy is recommended in light of the alarming emergence of quinolone-resistant strains of S. typhi, the availability of improved vaccines, and the ongoing epidemic in Tajikistan. Mass immunization may be a useful measure for the control of prolonged MDR typhoid fever epidemics, as an adjunct to correction of municipal infrastructure and public health intervention.

show abstract

The comparative effectiveness, under epidemic conditions, of the intradermal versus subcutaneous antityphoid vaccination estimated by epidemiological surveillance and laboratory tests

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Typhoid fever vaccines: a meta-analysis of studies on efficacy and toxicity

Typhoid fever vaccines: a meta-analysis of studies on efficacy and toxicity

Considerations regarding mass vaccination against typhoid fever as an adjunct to sanitation and public health measures: potential use in an epidemic in Tajikistan.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About