The Comparative Ecology of a Subarctic and Tropical Estuarine Ecosystem as Measured with Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopes

Parsons, Timothy R.; Chen, Y.-L. Lee

doi:10.1006/ecss.1995.0062

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Thirdly, benthic microalgae have δ 13 C values that are similar to macroalgae (Jones, Cifuentes & Kaldy 2003; Kang, Kim, Lee, Kim, Lee & Hong 2003). Fourthly, it has proved very difficult to obtain marine phytoplankton samples in estuaries that are free of other forms of POC, such as terrigenous carbon and resuspended detritus (Parsons & Lee Chen 1995; Fry 1996). Furthermore, δ 13 C values for marine phytoplankton are strongly affected by environmental factors and species characteristics (Goericke & Fry 1994; Burkhardt, Riebesell & Zondervan 1999) making interpretation of δ 13 C in marine phytoplankton difficult because of high variability in δ 13 C. However, as food webs leading to juvenile salmon in nearshore estuaries are predominantly detritus based (Healey 1979; Naiman & Sibert 1979; Simenstad & Wissmar 1985), leaving marine phytoplankton out of the mixing models should have minimal effects on the results.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotope analysis of trophic position and terrestrial vs. marine carbon sources for juvenile Pacific salmonids in nearshore marine habitats

Romanuk¹,

Levings²

2005

Fisheries Management Eco

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Stable isotope analysis was used to determine trophic position and the relative contributions of terrestrial-derived carbon (TDC) and marine-derived carbon for Chinook, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), pink, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Walbaum), and chum, Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaum) salmon fry in near-shore marine habitats. Chum fry were enriched in d 13 C relative to pink fry, and enriched in d 15 N relative to both Chinook and pink fry. Between 5.5 and 39.7% of the carbon in the three species was TDC. The TDC was higher in chum fry (28.7 ± 4% SD) than in pink fry (24.9 ± 4.4% SD), but TDC did not differ between Chinook fry (27.8 ± 9.5% SD) and either chum or pink fry. The fry of these three species of Pacific salmon may form a trophic hierarchy with chum fry occupying the highest trophic position and the three species may also partition resources according to carbon source.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotope analysis of trophic position and terrestrial vs. marine carbon sources for juvenile Pacific salmonids in nearshore marine habitats

Romanuk¹,

Levings²

2005

Fisheries Management Eco

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“…Given the problem of different isotopic compositions in discrete tissue types, whole individuals were analysed. Pooling of samples for each cruise resulted in integrated isotopic values, helping to eliminate variations with~n individuals (Parsons & Chen 1995). The amount of heavy isotope in each sample was expressed as the 6°C and 6 ' " value, determined as:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples were analysed using a PRISM mass spectrnmeter (VG Isotech). Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes have been used by a number of authors to examine trophic relationships by using techniques measuring the difference between '"/'2C and 15N/14N ratios of organisms as tracers to identify food sources of carbon and nitrogen (Fry 1986, Parsons & Chen 1995. The isotopic fractionation of tracers generally changes in a predictable way, involving 1 to 2%0 6I3C and about 3%0 6I5N enrichment for each step in a predatodprey relationship (Parsons & Chen 1995).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variation in body composition and lipid storage of the overwintering, subarctic copepod Neocalanus plumchrus in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia (Canada)

Evanson¹,

Bornhold²,

Goldblatt³

et al. 2000

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The overwintering vertical stage distribution of N. plumchrus is described together with the temporal variations in total body length, dry weight, lipid and body composition in copepodite stage V (CV) and adult females. Adult males and females were found at depths of less than 200 m from January to March. Regressions of total body length to total dry weight showed significant correlations for CVs and females. Carbon and nitrogen isotopic analysis ( 6 "~ and 6I3C) indicated no temporal increase, suggesting a lack of feeding in CVs (October to December) and females (January to March) at depth and a dependency on stored lipid reserves accumulated during times of high primary production in the euphotic zone. Total lipid content per individual copepod showed significant decreases from 0.5 to 0.2 mg during the time of adult female gonadal development between January and February. A decrease in total dry mass per copepod from 0.9 to 0.4 mg also occurred during this time period. Lipid composition showed preferential retention of long-chained fatty acids until the onset of egg release in March. Significant decreases in carbon and nitrogen from January to February and, to a lesser extent, between February and March were observed, corresponding to periods of gonad maturation and egg release, respectively. Significant increase in nitrogen content suggests the possibility of bacterial ingestion by late moulting CVs. The significant decrease in C:N ratio, from 8.7 to 4.1, suggests a depletion of lipid reserves and resultant reliance on proteins as an energy source for egg release. Variations in organic content verify that the CVs remain in a state of dormancy in which minimal lipid reserves are depleted, while the onset of maturation and reproduction is the major energy consumer.

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“…As an alternative, stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur have increasingly been used as tracers in coastal trophodynamic studies (e.g. Rodelli et al 1984, Gearing 1988, Fleming et al 1990, Thomas & Cahoon 1993, Currin et al 1995, Parsons & Chen 1995. Unlike the conventional massbalance approach, the stable-isotope approach measures actual, time-integrated assimilation of nutrients from potential producers and nutrient sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dynamics of Deep Bay, eastern Pearl River estuary, China. II: Trophic relationship based on carbon- and nitrogen-stable isotopes

Lee¹

2000

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

101

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The Comparative Ecology of a Subarctic and Tropical Estuarine Ecosystem as Measured with Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopes

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Stable isotope analysis of trophic position and terrestrial vs. marine carbon sources for juvenile Pacific salmonids in nearshore marine habitats

Stable isotope analysis of trophic position and terrestrial vs. marine carbon sources for juvenile Pacific salmonids in nearshore marine habitats

Temporal variation in body composition and lipid storage of the overwintering, subarctic copepod Neocalanus plumchrus in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia (Canada)

Carbon dynamics of Deep Bay, eastern Pearl River estuary, China. II: Trophic relationship based on carbon- and nitrogen-stable isotopes

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