“…Khosla and co-workers microinjected propylene glycol into zebrafish embryos along with GNRs, followed by vitrification in liquid nitrogen. They demonstrated the ability to thaw the zebrafish embryos rapidly (1.4 × 10 7 ºC/min) by irradiating the sample with a 1,064 nm laser pulse for 1 ms (Khosla, Wang, TA B L E 4 Comparison between vitrification and slow-cooling cryopreservation methods (Almiñana & Cuello, 2015;Assumpção et al, 2008;Massip, 2001;Massip & Leibo, 2002;Moore & Bonilla, 2007;Mullen & Critser, 2008;Sanches, Zangirolamo, Silva, Morotti, & Seneda, 2017;Vajta & Nagy, 2006) The term 'full verification of solute penetration and dehydration rate' refers to the possibility of following these events under the stereomicroscope to the full extent (and in the case of slow freezing until 'seeding') and verifying/confirming the cryo steps through embryo shrinking and expansion. Hagedorn, Qin, & Bischof, 2017).…”