The commuting behavior of workers in the United States: Differences between the employed and the self-employed

Giménez-Nadal, J. Ignacio; Molina, José Alberto; Velilla, Jorge

doi:10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2017.10.011

Cited by 59 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…In addition, less time spent commuting to the workplace may have led to more available time to pursue physical activities. For example, approximately 40 min per day could be added as workers may no longer be commuting to work [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Behavior Changes During COVID-19 Pandemic and Subsequent “Stay-at-Home” Orders

Knell

Robertson

Dooley

et al. 2020

IJERPH

219

229

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The COVID-19 pandemic, and resultant “Stay-at-Home” orders, may have impacted adults’ positive health behaviors (sleep, physical activity) and negative health behaviors (alcohol consumption, drug use, and tobacco use). The purpose of this study was to investigate how these health behaviors changed (increased/improved or decreased/worsened) at the early stages of the pandemic, what participant characteristics were associated with health behavior changes, and why these behavioral changes may have occurred. A convenience sample of 1809 adults residing in the United States completed a 15-min self-report questionnaire in April and May 2020. Multinomial logistic regressions and descriptive statistics were used to evaluate how, for whom, and why these health behaviors changed. Participants were primarily female (67.4%), aged 35–49 years (39.8%), college graduates (83.3%), non-tobacco users (74.7%), and had previously used marijuana (48.6%). Overall, participants primarily reported a decrease in physical activity, while sleep and all of the negative health behaviors remained the same. Changes in negative health behaviors were related (p < 0.05) to sex, age, parental status, educational status, job status, BMI, and depression scores. Changes in positive health behaviors were related (p < 0.05) to sex, parental status, job status, and depression scores. Having more time available during the pandemic was the most commonly cited reason for changing health behaviors (negative and positive). Public health efforts should address the potential for long-term health consequences due to behavior change during COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Behavior Changes During COVID-19 Pandemic and Subsequent “Stay-at-Home” Orders

Knell

Robertson

Dooley

et al. 2020

IJERPH

219

229

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…6 See Table A1 in the Appendix for a description of the activity codes included in each category. This classification was based on previous classifications used by Aguiar and Hurst (2007) and Gimenez-Nadal and Sevilla (2012). We had no reason to think that any specific activity could be more affected by commuting than others, and thus we chose broad time-use categories to avoid biased estimates arising from small sample sizes in certain time-use activities (e.g,.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This allowed us to analyze the relationship between the duration of commuting and the feelings reported by workers in their daily activities. 2 For the sake of comparison with prior studies (Aguiar and Hurst, 2007;Gimenez-Nadal and Sevilla, 2012), and to minimize the role of time-allocation decisions, such as education and retirement, that have a strong inter-temporal component over the life cycle, we restricted the sample used throughout our analysis to workers between the ages of 21 and 65 (inclusive). We also excluded from the analysis self-employed workers, as they may include commuting as part of their production function, which leads self-employed workers to behave differently in comparison to employees (Gimenez-Nadal, Molina and Velilla, 2018).…”

Section: Data and Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily feelings of US workers and commuting time

Giménez-Nadal

Molina

2019

Journal of Transport & Health

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Introduction: Millions of individuals commute every day in the US. Despite commuting has been shown to have negative consequences for workers, no evidence has been about how commuting is related to feelings in other episodes. We analyzed the relationship between the feelings reported by American workers throughout the day and the time devoted to commuting. Methods: We used the Well-Being Module of the American Time Use Survey for the years 2010, 2012, and 2013, and analized the relationship between commuting duration and the feelings reported (e.g,. happiness, sadness, stress, fatigue and pain) in both commuting and non-commuting episodes. Results: We found that more time spent on the daily commute was related to higher levels of fatigue and stress during commuting, while also being associated with higher levels of sadness and fatigue during activities of child care. In particular, we found that a 1% increase in the time devoted to commuting during the episode was related to increases of 12 percent and 13 percent of a standard deviation for stress and fatigue, while a 1% increase in the time devoted to commuting during the day was related to increases of 5 percent and 7 percent of one standard deviation in the levels of sadness and stress during child care activities. Conclusions: Our results indicated that longer commutes may be related to higher levels of stress and fatigue of workers, which may in turn affect the quality of the time parents devote to caring for their children.

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“…Within this framework, we analyze how the time workers spend driving to/from work (commuting), and using "green" modes of transport, such as public transport and walking/cycling, are affected by gasoline tax rates.To that end, we use the [2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013][2014][2015] American Time Use Survey (ATUS) to measure the commuting time of workers in the US. Millions of workers in the US commute every working day (on average 45 minutes per day, according to Gimenez-Nadal and Molina, 2016, and Gimenez-Nadal, Molina and Velilla, 2018a, 2018b. This activity, obviously, contributes to the overall consumption of energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green commuting and gasoline taxes in the United States

Giménez-Nadal

Molina

2019

Energy Policy

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This paper analyzes how gasoline tax rates are related to the time workers in the United States spend commuting by private car, public transport, or with other physical modes of transport. Our identification strategy relies on both interstate differences and time variations in gasoline taxes. Using the American Time Use Surveys for the years 2003 to 2015, we find that higher gasoline tax rates are related to less time spent in commuting. Furthermore, higher gasoline taxes are related to less commuting by private car, and more commuting by public transport and/or a physical mode of transport (walking or cycling). Our results highlight the importance of gasoline taxes in the consumption of energy for personal transport, as higher gasoline taxes are related to a greater use of

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The commuting behavior of workers in the United States: Differences between the employed and the self-employed

Cited by 59 publications

References 72 publications

Health Behavior Changes During COVID-19 Pandemic and Subsequent “Stay-at-Home” Orders

Health Behavior Changes During COVID-19 Pandemic and Subsequent “Stay-at-Home” Orders

Daily feelings of US workers and commuting time

Green commuting and gasoline taxes in the United States

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