The community as an active part in the implementation of interventions for the prevention and control of tuberculosis: a scoping review

Abstract

Interventions involving direct community stakeholders include a variety of approaches in which members take an active role in improving their health. We evaluated studies in which the community has actively participated to strengthen tuberculosis prevention and control programs. A literature search was performed in Pubmed, Scopus, ERIC, Global Index Medicus, Scielo, Cochrane Library, LILACS, Google Scholar, speciality journals, and other bibliographic references. The primary question for this review was: what is known about tuberculosis control interventions and programs in which the community has been an active part?. Two reviewers performed the search, screening and selection of studies independently. In cases of discrepancies over the eligibility of an article, it was resolved by consensus. 130 studies were selected, of which 68.47% (n=89/130) were published after 2010. The studies were conducted in Africa (44.62%), the Americas (22.31%) and Southeast Asia (19.23%). It was found that 20% (n=26/130) of the studies evaluated the participation of the community in the detection/active search of cases, 20.77% (n=27/130) in the promotion/prevention of tuberculosis; 23.07% (n=30/130) in identifying barriers to treatment, 46.15% (n=60/130) in supervision during treatment and 3.08% (n=4/130) in social support for patient. Community participation not only strengthens the capacities of health systems for the prevention and control of tuberculosis, but also allows a better understanding of the disease from the perspective of the patient and the affected community by identifying barriers and difficulties through of the tuberculosis care cascade. Engaging key community stakeholders in co-creating solutions offers a critical pathway for local governments to eradicate TB.

The community as an active part in the implementation of interventions for the prevention and care of tuberculosis: A scoping review

“…These community partners can be community health centers, public health departments, schools, prisons, and civil society organizations such as neighborhood organizations [14,47,48]. A case of collaborative association with a CBPR approach is a study that we carried out on the population affected by TB in Peru in collaboration between the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Ohio State University, and the Association of Tuberculosis Patients of Comas [ASET] (Comas, district of Peru with a high rate of tuberculosis) [49]. In the first phase, we conducted an empowerment program for CHW in ASET through research training, and in the second phase, we implemented an intervention led by CHW to assess the effect of social determinants of health in tuberculosis in the population affected by TB.…”

Unveiling the power of neutral and inclusive language in tuberculosis prevention and care

“…C havez- R imache et al . [ 28 ] also reported the significant impact of active community participation in strengthening TB prevention and care programmes, highlighting the necessity of departing from traditional scientific research approaches dominated by academic researchers and embracing a comprehensive and ecological framework that incorporates the community and other social actors.…”

“…Pairing community-based interventions with existing healthcare infrastructure and/or programmes appears vital for active case finding and treatment continuation, as the involvement of influential community and family members acts as a facilitator of trust for treatment engagement while providing mechanisms for closer supervision and thus maximising adherence [27]. CHAVEZ-RIMACHE et al [28] also reported the significant impact of active community participation in strengthening TB prevention and care programmes, highlighting the necessity of departing from traditional scientific research approaches dominated by academic researchers and embracing a comprehensive and ecological framework that incorporates the community and other social actors.…”