The communication of suicidal intentions: a meta-analysis

Pompili, Maurizio; Murri, Martino Belvederi; Patti, Sara; Innamorati, Marco; Lester, David; Girardi, Paolo; Amore, Mario

doi:10.1017/s0033291716000696

Cited by 116 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Our findings emphasise the need to understand the path stroke survivors experience from suicidal ideation through depression to suicide 13. A substantial proportion of individuals with suicidal ideation attempt suicide within 1 year,36 still communicating their intention before the act 37. Prevention and early treatment of depression after stroke should therefore represent the main components for comprehensive programmes aimed at reducing the risk of suicide-related behaviours 7.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Rates and correlates of suicidal ideation among stroke survivors: a meta-analysis

Bartoli

Pompili

Lillia

et al. 2017

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Rates and correlates of suicidal ideation among stroke survivors: a meta-analysis

Bartoli

Pompili

Lillia

et al. 2017

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry

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“…We do not have measures of additional ways, beyond the PHQ9, that people may have communicated thoughts of suicide to their care teams, which a recent meta-analysis estimated is done in some form by approximately 45% people who go on to die by suicide. 29 . However, even with this somewhat limited measure of suicidal ideation, we have found item 9 of the PHQ9 to be a robust predictor of suicide attempts that can guide clinical care.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicidal ideation reported on the PHQ9 and risk of suicidal behavior across age groups

Rossom

Coleman

Ahmedani

et al. 2017

Journal of Affective Disorders

212

124

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Objective The Joint Commission recommends all patients be screened for suicide. However, differences in suicide attempt and death rates may affect how well tools predict risk across age groups. Our objective was to determine whether item 9 of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9) predicts risk for suicide attempts and deaths across age groups. Methods PHQ9s completed by adult outpatients treated for mental health conditions in 2010–2012 at four Mental Health Research Network-affiliated healthcare systems were used to measure depression severity and suicidal ideation. Suicide attempts were identified via ICD-9 codes and suicide deaths via ICD-10 codes and state death certificates. Results In all, 939,268PHQ9s were completed by 297,290 outpatients. Compared to those without, those with nearly daily suicidal ideation were 5-to-8times more likely to attempt suicide and 3-to-11times more likely to die by suicide within 30 days, and 2-to-4times more likely to attempt suicide and 2-to-6 times more likely to die by suicide within 365 days. The increased risk of suicide death for those with any level of suicidal ideation persisted over two years. The relationships between suicide thoughts and attempts and deaths were similar across age groups. Limitations Our sample was limited to outpatients completing a PHQ9 and relied on pre-existing clinical and administrative data. Conclusions Suicidal ideation reported on the PHQ9 was a robust predictor of suicide attempts and deaths regardless of age, and this increased risk persisted for two years. Healthcare systems should address both the immediate and sustained risk for suicide for patients of all ages.

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“…Other studies from LMIC found that suicide attempts were significantly associated with domestic violence (45) and, contrasting to US evidence, marriage was a risk factor for completed suicide, especially among women (46, 47). Other factors, such as alcohol consumption, previous suicide attempts, and family history of suicide seem to be universal risk factors (48–50). However, in our findings, suicide attempts were rarely mentioned.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide in Nepal: a modified psychological autopsy investigation from randomly selected police cases between 2013 and 2015

Hagaman

Khadka²,

Lohani

et al. 2017

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Purpose Yearly, 600,000 people complete suicide in low- and middle-income countries, accounting for 75% of the world’s burden of suicide mortality. The highest regional rates are in South and East Asia. Nepal has one of the highest suicide rates in the world; however, few investigations exploring patterns surrounding both male and female suicides exist. This study used psychological autopsies to identify common factors, precipitating events, and warning signs in a diverse sample. Methods Randomly sampled from 302 police case reports over 24 months, psychological autopsies were conducted for 39 completed suicide cases in one urban and one rural region of Nepal. Results In the total police sample (n=302), 57% of deaths were male. Over 40% of deaths were 25 years or younger, including 65% of rural and 51% of female suicide deaths. We estimate the crude urban and rural suicide rates to be 16.1 and 22.8 per 100,000 respectively. Within our psychological autopsy sample, 38.5% met criteria for depression and only 23.1% informants believed that the deceased had thoughts of self-harm or suicide before death. Important warning signs include recent geographic migration, alcohol abuse, and family history of suicide. Conclusions Suicide prevention strategies in Nepal should account for the lack of awareness about suicide risk among family members and early age of suicide completion, especially in rural and female populations. Given the low rates of ideation disclosure to friends and family, educating the general public about other signs of suicide may help prevention efforts in Nepal.

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The communication of suicidal intentions: a meta-analysis

Cited by 116 publications

References 50 publications

Rates and correlates of suicidal ideation among stroke survivors: a meta-analysis

Rates and correlates of suicidal ideation among stroke survivors: a meta-analysis

Suicidal ideation reported on the PHQ9 and risk of suicidal behavior across age groups

Suicide in Nepal: a modified psychological autopsy investigation from randomly selected police cases between 2013 and 2015

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