The Common Cold

Pappas, Diane E.; Hendley, J. Owen

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-3468-8.50034-1

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This estimate would increase in the event of reinfection and decrease if there was cross-protective immunity between HCoVs. In addition, children will be exposed to other respiratory viruses that were not included in our assay, such as respiratory syncytial virus, influenza, adenoviruses, and rhinoviruses [ 23 ]. Switching from population-level data to individual anecdotes, these figures may be familiar to parents with young children in daycare, who typically observe multiple episodes of fever and other symptoms consistent with respiratory virus infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiology of the Seasonal Human Coronaviruses NL63, 229E, OC43 and HKU1 in France

Thoisy

Woudenberg

Donnadieu

et al. 2023

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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Background The seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoV) NL63, 229E, OC43 and HKU1, are endemic throughout the world, yet the majority of HCoV infections remain undiagnosed. Serology can reliably identify individuals previously infected with HCoVs. Methods In a cross-sectional seroprevalence study, 2,389 serum samples were collected from children and adults requiring hospital admission in France in 2020. In a separate longitudinal cohort study, 2,520 samples were collected from 898 individuals in a French town followed between April 2020 and December 2021. Antibodies to HCoVs were measured using a bead-based multiplex assay. Serological data from the longitudinal cohort was analyzed to estimate the rate of antibody waning. Age-stratified seroprevalence data from the cross-sectional cohort was analyzed using sero-catalytic models to estimate HCoV force of infection. Results The rate of waning of anti-HCoV Spike IgG antibodies was estimated to be in the range 0.22–0.47 year-1 for children, and 0.13–0.27 year-1 for adults. Sero-reversion, the process where individuals become sero-negative when antibody levels wane below a sero-positivity cut-off, was estimated to occur at a rate: 0.31–1.37 year-1 in children, and 0.19–0.72 year-1 in adults. The estimated sero-conversion rate in children was in the range 0.22–0.50 year-1, equivalent to 20% – 39% of children getting infected every year with each HCoV. Conclusions Antibodies to HCoVs in French children and adults are consistent with these viruses being at endemic equilibrium. The high force of infection in children indicates that HCoVs may be responsible for a substantial proportion of fever episodes experienced by children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiology of the Seasonal Human Coronaviruses NL63, 229E, OC43 and HKU1 in France

Thoisy

Woudenberg

Donnadieu

et al. 2023

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It was found that neither medication was superior to placebos nor did the medications improve the child's quality of sleep (Paul et al., 2004). Of the few clinical trials of OTC CCMs in children, none have demonstrated benefit for the treatment of the common cold (Pappas & Hendley, 2009).…”

Section: Efficacy Of Otc Ccmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The promises of alternative therapies such as vitamin C, zinc, and echinacea have not been consistently supported by randomized controlled studies (Simasek & Blandino, 2007). However, research has shown that some symptomatic relief can be achieved with antipyretics, saline nasal irrigation, and adequate hydration (Pappas & Hendley, 2009). In a Cochrane Review, Mulholland and Chang (2009) found that for children older than 1 year of age, the use of honey and throat lozenges were potentially more effective in relieving acute cough than pharmacological interventions.…”

Section: Treatment Options For the Common Coldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also found that first-generation antihistamine use in children younger than 2 years of age was 7.6%. Although supportive care is the only recommended treatment for the common cold, antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, and expectorants singularly or in combinations are all marketed for symptom relief in children (Pappas & Hendley, 2009). In a study examining why parents gave certain OTC CCMs over another, it was found that packaging design had a significant influence (Lokker et al, 2009).…”

Section: Use Of Otc Ccmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Consumer Healthcare Products Association (CHPA), an association that represents producers of OTC CCMs for children, announced in 2008 that its members would voluntarily modify the labels of OTC CCMs to state “do not use” in children under 4 years of age (Chappelle, 2008). Both the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) have recommended that OTC CCMs not be given to children under the age of 6 years (AAP, 2008; Pappas & Hendley, 2009). This article reviews current research supporting the FDA's recommendation, along with current usage of OTC CCMs and antihistamines.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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