The commensal Escherichia coli CEC15 reinforces intestinal defences in gnotobiotic mice and is protective in a chronic colitis mouse model

Escribano-Vázquez, Unai; Verstraeten, Sophie; Martín, Rebeca; Chain, Florian; Langella, Philippe; Thomas, Muriel; Cherbuy, Claire

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-47611-9

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…A common intestinal response to all Symbioflor2 ® genotypes is the increased expression of duox2 and its activator duoxa2. This capacity to increase these two gene expressions is also shared with a commensal strain of E. coli (CEC15) [16], previously isolated from suckling rodents [18], and with the probiotic Nissle strain [16]. Several studies showed that Duox-generated ROS play a pivotal role in the innate intestinal defense response and in regulating the homeostasis of the gut bacterial community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…We designed two custom TaqMan ® Array Cards to investigate the expression of 220 genes plus four additional reference genes (actb, gapdh, ubc, tpb) for the ileum and the colon as described previously [16]. The genes included in both array cards are listed in Tables S2 and S3 (Supplementary Materials).…”

Section: Design Of Ileal and Colonic Custom Taqman ® Array Cardmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Symbioflor2® Escherichia coli Genotypes Enhance Ileal and Colonic Gene Expression Associated with Mucosal Defense in Gnotobiotic Mice

et al. 2020

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Symbioflor2® is a probiotic product composed of six Escherichia coli genotypes, which has a beneficial effect on irritable bowel syndrome. Our objective was to understand the individual impact of each of the six genotypes on the host, together with the combined impact of the six in the compound Symbioflor2®. Gnotobiotic mice were mono-associated with one of the six genotypes or associated with the compound product. Ileal and colonic gene expression profiling was carried out, and data were compared between the different groups of gnotobiotic mice, along with that obtained from conventional (CV) mice and mice colonized with the probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917. We show that Symbioflor2® genotypes induce intestinal transcriptional responses involved in defense and immune mechanisms. Using mice associated with Symbioflor2®, we reveal that the product elicits a balanced response from the host without any predominance of a single genotype. The Nissle strain and the six bacterial genotypes have different effects on the intestinal gene expression, suggesting that the impacts of these probiotics are not redundant. Our data show the effect of the Symbioflor2® genotypes at the molecular level in the digestive tract, which further highlights their beneficial action on several aspects of intestinal physiology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Design Of Ileal and Colonic Custom Taqman ® Array Cardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbioflor2® Escherichia coli Genotypes Enhance Ileal and Colonic Gene Expression Associated with Mucosal Defense in Gnotobiotic Mice

et al. 2020

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“…In our study, viable E. coli-LUX (auto-fluorescing E. coli expressing luciferase) were used to follow the transit and release of bacteria in the gastric tract. These bacteria were chosen because they are commensal and colonize the gastric tract of mice and humans [47][48][49]. This particular strain had been shown in previously published studies to efficiently colonize the gastric tract of mice [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient protection of microorganisms for delivery to the intestinal tract by cellulose sulphate encapsulation

Günzburg

Aung²,

Toa³

et al. 2020

Microb Cell Fact

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Background Gut microbiota in humans and animals play an important role in health, aiding in digestion, regulation of the immune system and protection against pathogens. Changes or imbalances in the gut microbiota (dysbiosis) have been linked to a variety of local and systemic diseases, and there is growing evidence that restoring the balance of the microbiota by delivery of probiotic microorganisms can improve health. However, orally delivered probiotic microorganisms must survive transit through lethal highly acid conditions of the stomach and bile salts in the small intestine. Current methods to protect probiotic microorganisms are still not effective enough. Results We have developed a cell encapsulation technology based on the natural polymer, cellulose sulphate (CS), that protects members of the microbiota from stomach acid and bile. Here we show that six commonly used probiotic strains (5 bacteria and 1 yeast) can be encapsulated within CS microspheres. These encapsulated strains survive low pH in vitro for at least 4 h without appreciable loss in viability as compared to their respective non-encapsulated counterparts. They also survive subsequent exposure to bile. The CS microspheres can be digested by cellulase at concentrations found in the human intestine, indicating one mechanism of release. Studies in mice that were fed CS encapsulated autofluorescing, commensal E. coli demonstrated release and colonization of the intestinal tract. Conclusion Taken together, the data suggests that CS microencapsulation can protect bacteria and yeasts from viability losses due to stomach acid, allowing the use of lower oral doses of probiotics and microbiota, whilst ensuring good intestinal delivery and release.

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“…It is the most diverse member of gut microbiota which can act like commensal, probiotic, and pathogenic as well. Increased abundance of Escherichia is evident in several mouse models of colitis[ 70 ]. A newly identified pro-inflammatory strain of Escherichia coli ( E. coli ), adherent-invasive E. coli is detected in UC, CD and colorectal cancer.…”

Section: Neuromediators Producing Gut Microbiota and Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimmunomodulation by gut bacteria: Focus on inflammatory bowel diseases

Aggarwal¹,

Ranjha²,

Paul³

2021

WJGP

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Microbes colonize the gastrointestinal tract are considered as highest complex ecosystem because of having diverse bacterial species and 150 times more genes as compared to the human genome. Imbalance or dysbiosis in gut bacteria can cause dysregulation in gut homeostasis that subsequently activates the immune system, which leads to the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Neuromediators, including both neurotransmitters and neuropeptides, may contribute to the development of aberrant immune response. They are emerging as a regulator of inflammatory processes and play a key role in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Neuromediators may influence immune cell’s function via the receptors present on these cells. The cytokines secreted by the immune cells, in turn, regulate the neuronal functions by binding with their receptors present on sensory neurons. This bidirectional communication of the enteric nervous system and the enteric immune system is involved in regulating the magnitude of inflammatory pathways. Alterations in gut bacteria influence the level of neuromediators in the colon, which may affect the gastrointestinal inflammation in a disease condition. Changed neuromediators concentration via dysbiosis in gut microbiota is one of the novel approaches to understand the pathogenesis of IBD. In this article, we reviewed the existing knowledge on the role of neuromediators governing the pathogenesis of IBD, focusing on the reciprocal relationship among the gut microbiota, neuromediators, and host immunity. Understanding the neuromediators and host-microbiota interactions would give a better insight in to the disease pathophysiology and help in developing the new therapeutic approaches for the disease.

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The commensal Escherichia coli CEC15 reinforces intestinal defences in gnotobiotic mice and is protective in a chronic colitis mouse model

Cited by 13 publications

References 55 publications

Symbioflor2® Escherichia coli Genotypes Enhance Ileal and Colonic Gene Expression Associated with Mucosal Defense in Gnotobiotic Mice

Symbioflor2® Escherichia coli Genotypes Enhance Ileal and Colonic Gene Expression Associated with Mucosal Defense in Gnotobiotic Mice

Efficient protection of microorganisms for delivery to the intestinal tract by cellulose sulphate encapsulation

Neuroimmunomodulation by gut bacteria: Focus on inflammatory bowel diseases

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