Introduction::
Continuous research for new effective drugs to treat cancer has improved our understanding
on the mechanism of action of these drugs and paved new potential for their application in cancer treatments.
Method::
In this study, organotin compounds known as triphenyltin ethyl phenyl dithiocarbamate and triphenyltin
butyl phenyl dithiocarbamate were investigated for their toxicity on leukemia cell line (K562) and non-cancerous
cell line (Chang liver cell and lung fibroblast, V79 cell).
Result::
The IC50 values obtained from K562 cells ranged from 0.01 to 0.30 μM, whereas for both Chang liver cell
and lung fibroblast V79 cell, the values ranged from 0.10 to 0.40 μM. For genotoxicity evaluation, the percentage
of damaged DNA is measured as an average of tail moment, and was found to be within 1.20 to 2.20 A.U while
the percentage of DNA intensity ranging from 1.50 to 3.50 % indicating no genotoxic effects.
Conclusion::
Both compounds are cytotoxic toward leukemia cells and non-cancerous cells but do not exert their
genotoxic effects towards leukemia cell.
conclusion:
Compounds 1 and 2 were proven cytotoxic towards the target leukemia cells (K562 cells) and non-cancerous cells (Chang and V79 cells). However, both triphenyltin compounds were more selective towards K562 cells according to the selectivity index. Based on the alkaline comet assay results, both compounds did not damage the DNA and therefore, were not genotoxic to K562 cells. Future works on other mechanisms involved shall be conducted to understand its toxic effects on the myelomonocytic leukemia cells, K562 that is resistant to apoptosis.