The Comet Assay for the Evaluation of Genotoxic Potential of Landfill Leachate

Widziewicz, Kamila; Kalka, Joanna; Skonieczna, Magdalena; Madej, Paweł

doi:10.1100/2012/435239

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A scenario of a combined treatment of LL and sanitary sewage wastewater is considered less costly and interesting, because it consists of blending LL at the sanitary treatment plant in an adequate mix ratio. However, due to the presence of recalcitrant organic compounds such as humic and fulvic acids, the application of biological oxidation shows limited efficiency . This makes it necessary to enhance the quality of the LL by removing the toxicity present in this kind of wastewater in order to avoid the inhibition effect of the LL on the activated sludge at the treatment plant …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, due to the presence of recalcitrant organic compounds such as humic and fulvic acids, the application of biological oxidation shows limited efficiency. 8 This makes it necessary to enhance the quality of the LL by removing the toxicity present in this kind of wastewater 9 in order to avoid the inhibition effect of the LL on the activated sludge at the treatment plant. 10 Among the emerging processes applied in wastewater treatment, Fenton, photo-Fenton 11 or electro-Fenton 12 are able to oxidize recalcitrant organic compounds present in LL by means of the in situ generation of powerful oxidizing agents such as hydroxyl radicals (OH), which make it possible to remove nonylphenol and bisphenol A from LL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of fish scales as an adsorbent of organic matter present in the treatment of landfill leachate

Poblete

Cortés

Bakit

et al. 2020

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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This study focuses on the removal of organic pollutants present in landfill leachate (LL) using an adsorption process with activated carbon (AC) obtained from fish scales, and subsequently evaluates the reduction of toxicity in the wastewater obtained from the process. The AC obtained is a mesoporous material, with a cumulative pore area of 1.57 m2 g−1, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) of 1.8329 m2 g−1 and adsorption average pore width of 12.79833 nm. The maximum removal of pollutants was achieved at natural pH (6.71) of the LL, with a load of 3 g L−1, resulting in 60.1% colour and 37.3% chemical oxygen demand (COD). The rate of COD removal per g of AC increase had a maximum value of 5.6 at pH 10 when passing from 0.5 to 1 g AC. The lowest rate of 0.6 occurred for the same pH when it passed from 1 to 2 g AC. At pH 3 the second lowest rate of 3.3 was observed when passing from 2 to 3 g AC. At pH 3 there was always an increase in the rate as more AC was added. Conversely, at natural pH 6.71 the rate tended to decrease. At pH 10 the rate first decreased and then increased. At acidic pH, because it is the one with the lowest COD removal, it would be expected that by adding more AC the rate would continue to increase as there are easily accessible sites still available. Langmuir isotherms fitted adequately with the experimental data, providing an R2 of 0.9657, which is consistent with a monolayer adsorption pattern. The LL before the adsorption process had an inhibition ratio of 20.4%, due to the fact that leachate can be toxic because of the presence of hazardous organic compounds. After adsorption processes at pH 6.71, the inhibition ratios were 16.9%, 13.8%, 12.2% and 10.9% at AC loads of 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 g L−1, respectively, due to decreasing COD and colour of the LL over the course of the treatment. It was observed that the reduction of the inhibition ratio was greater at higher loads of adsorbent. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of fish scales as an adsorbent of organic matter present in the treatment of landfill leachate

Poblete

Cortés

Bakit

et al. 2020

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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“…Severe environmental and health hazards are possible if the leachate escapes from a landfill and contaminates the surroundings, such as the groundwater [12][13][14][15]. Landfills must be able to function as a hydraulic barrier to prevent leaks or as a proper collection for the leachate [16][17][18][19][20][21]. Thus, the most critical function of landfill design and construction is to contain leachate [1,22], in order to reduce the environmental and public health impacts of a landfill.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Salt Solution on Morphological Changes in a Geosynthetic Clay Liner

Budihardjo

2016

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Morphological variations of geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) samples, hydrated with two different permeates, distilled water and NaCl solution (100 mM concentration), were observed in detail using microscopic analysis. After the GCL samples were hydrated with the NaCl solution, they were observed with an optical microscope. While the surface of the treated GCL samples was similar to the surface of the untreated GCL, a crystal deposit was found on the surface of the treated samples. Using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a more solid appearance was observed for the bentonite particles contained in the GCL after the sample was hydrated with distilled water in comparison to the GCL sample that was hydrated with the NaCl solution. It appears that salt solution hydration results in less swelling of the bentonite particles. Furthermore, the energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) results showed that distilled water hydration had no effect on the distribution of the elements contained in the GCL samples. However, bound chlorine was observed, which demonstrated that the bentonite particles had absorbed the NaCl solution. In addition, changes in the hydraulic conductivity of the hydrated GCL samples were also observed.

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“…Both parameters of DNA damage in duckweed exposed to CT and ECT showed values similar to those in the control. In the study of Widziewicz et al (32), old solid waste landfill leachate also showed genotoxic effects as determined by the comet assay using human and Daphnia magna cells. However, in contrast to our study, the application of the classical biological treatment did not completely remove genotoxic character of the treated leachate.…”

Section: Al Removal Of Landfill Leachate Toxicity and Genotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of landfill leachate toxicity and genotoxicity by two treatment methods

Brkanac

Vujčić

Cvjetko

et al. 2014

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Leachates from active and closed municipal solid waste landfills can be a major source of contamination to groundwater and surface waters. In the present study the toxic and genotoxic potential of leachate from an old sanitary landfill prior to and following chemical and electrochemical treatments were assessed using Lemna, Allium, and comet tests. Photosynthetic pigments, malondialdehyde (indicator of lipid peroxidation) and antioxidant enzyme activities were evaluated as additional indicators of toxicity in duckweed. Following duckweed exposure to 25 % dilution of landfill leachate, growth rate and photosynthetic pigments content significantly decreased while lipid peroxidation increased despite stimulation of antioxidative defence mechanisms. Diluted leachate induced DNA strand breaks in duckweed cells as evidenced by the comet assay. Regarding the Allium test, untreated leachate caused inhibition of Allium cepa cell division and induction of mitotic and chromosomal aberrations. Although both water treatments completely reduced genotoxicity of leachate, the electrochemical method was found to be more efficient in removing toxic substances present in landfill leachate and thus more suitable for treating such leachates prior to their discharge into the environment. As landfill leachates pose a risk to human health and environment in general due to their (geno)toxicity, the present study demonstrates that the ecotoxicity/genotoxicity assays should be used in leachate risk assessment together with physicochemical analysis.

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The Comet Assay for the Evaluation of Genotoxic Potential of Landfill Leachate

Cited by 22 publications

References 16 publications

Use of fish scales as an adsorbent of organic matter present in the treatment of landfill leachate

Use of fish scales as an adsorbent of organic matter present in the treatment of landfill leachate

The Influence of Salt Solution on Morphological Changes in a Geosynthetic Clay Liner

Removal of landfill leachate toxicity and genotoxicity by two treatment methods

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