The comet assay as a tool for human biomonitoring studies: The ComNet Project

Collins, Andrew; Koppen, Gudrun; Valdiglesias, Vanessa; Dušinská, Maria; Kruszewski, Marcin; Möller, Peter; Rojas, Emilio; Dhawan, Alok; Benzie, Iris F.F.; Coşkun, Erdem; Moretti, Massimo; Speit, Günter; Bonassi, Stefano

doi:10.1016/j.mrrev.2013.10.001

Cited by 193 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…Diet, disease status (e.g. presence of inflammatory diseases), seasonal variation, and physical stress are all important confounding factors that influence an individual's background level for any parameter under consideration (Moller 2005;Battershill et al 2008;Bonassi et al 2011;Fenech et al 2011;Tenorio et al 2013;Collins et al 2014). There is evidence that different factors may have different impact depending on the specific genotoxic endpoints (e.g.…”

Section: Human Versus Non-human Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is evidence that different factors may have different impact depending on the specific genotoxic endpoints (e.g. Fenech et al 2011 for the cytokinesis block MN endpoint; Collins et al 2014 for the comet endpoint). It is worth noting that there is currently considerable debate concerning the relevance of increased levels of micronuclei in human biomonitoring studies.…”

Section: Human Versus Non-human Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genotoxicity Expert Panel review: weight of evidence evaluation of the genotoxicity of glyphosate, glyphosate-based formulations, and aminomethylphosphonic acid

Brusick¹,

Aardema²,

Kier

et al. 2016

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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published a monograph concluding there was strong evidence for genotoxicity of glyphosate and glyphosate formulations and moderate evidence for genotoxicity of the metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA). These conclusions contradicted earlier extensive reviews supporting the lack of genotoxicity of glyphosate and glyphosate formulations. The IARC Monograph concluded there was strong evidence of induction of oxidative stress by glyphosate, glyphosate formulations, and AMPA. The Expert Panel reviewed the genotoxicity and oxidative stress data considered in the IARC Monograph, together with other available data not considered by IARC. The Expert Panel defined and used a weight of evidence (WoE) approach that included ranking of studies and endpoints by the strength of their linkage to events associated with carcinogenic mechanisms. Importantly, the Expert Panel concluded that there was sufficient information available from a very large number of regulatory genotoxicity studies that should have been considered by IARC. The WoE approach, the inclusion of all relevant regulatory studies, and some differences in interpretation of individual studies led to significantly different conclusions by the Expert Panel compared with the IARC Monograph. The Expert Panel concluded that glyphosate, glyphosate formulations, and AMPA do not pose a genotoxic hazard and the data do not support the IARC Monograph genotoxicity evaluation. With respect to carcinogenicity classification and mechanism, the Expert Panel concluded that evidence relating to an oxidative stress mechanism of carcinogenicity was largely unconvincing and that the data profiles were not consistent with the characteristics of genotoxic carcinogens. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Human Versus Non-human Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Human Versus Non-human Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity Expert Panel review: weight of evidence evaluation of the genotoxicity of glyphosate, glyphosate-based formulations, and aminomethylphosphonic acid

Brusick¹,

Aardema²,

Kier

et al. 2016

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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“…In the presented study we used the standard version with modifications according to Buchynska 32 and de Freitas 33 . We analysed the percentage of DNA in the tail (designated as tail DNA or tail intensity; % tDNA) expressed as the ratio between amount of DNA in the head and amount of DNA in the tail 34 .…”

Section: Comet Assay -Alkaline Versionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxic changes in peripheral lymphocytes after therapeutic exposure to crude coal tar and ultraviolet radiation

Málková¹,

Köhlerová²,

Fiala³

et al. 2016

BIOMED PAP

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Aims. Goeckerman therapy is based on combined exposure to UV radiation (UVA, UVB) and crude coal tar (PAHs). Some indicators suggest a genotoxic hazard, however, the level of genotoxic risk of the therapy has not yet been investigated sufficiently. This study aims to assesss the genotoxic risk. Methods. The studied group consisted of patients with chronic stable plaque psoriasis treated by Goeckerman therapy (n = 29). Heparin-treated peripheral blood samples were collected one day before the first treatment and immediately after the last procedure. The lymphocytes were isolated from the blood. The level of genotoxicity was evaluated using an alkaline version of the Comet assay which detects DNA single strand breaks (DNA-SSBs), a neutral version of the Comet assay which detects DNA double strand breaks (DNA-DSBs), and using chromosomal aberrations. Results. The level of DNA-SSBs increased insignificantly (median; Q1-Q3): 1.4 (0.4; 0.1-1.4) vs. 2.5 (0.6; 0.3-2.7) %tDNA (P = 0.11) and the level of DNA-DSBs increased significantly: 7.8 (6.5; 3. 4-10.5) vs. 20.7 (19.3; 14.2-24.6) % DNA (P < 0.001). The total number of aberrated cells (P < 0.001) and structurally aberrated cells (P < 0.001) increased significantly. Conclusion. The elevated levels of the DNA-DSBs and the chromosomal aberrations in the peripheral lymphocytes indicated a genotoxic hazard. However, the elevated level of the chromosomal abnormalities was below the upper level of the reference range for healthy Czech adults. While, the genotoxic risk appears to be low, Goeckerman treatment represents a further contribution to the lifetime load of genotoxic factors.

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“…SCGE is highly effective for revealing the association between DNA damage and environmental, genetic, and acquired factors. It also provides further data on the possible applicability in genotoxic human surveillance in addition to established tests (7,11,12). The comet assay is based on the ability of negatively charged fragments of DNA that are drawn through an agarose gel in response to an electric field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SCGE is a simple, sensitive, fast and effective method for analyzing the cell samples from any organ of eukaryotic organisms in small quantities. Thus, it has been widely used for the studies in genetic toxicology, medical research and radiation biology and DNA repair studies, environmental and human biomonitoring studies (12,14). Currently, DNA damage detected by the comet assay is considered to be an early indicator of genetic disease or cancer risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Relationship Between Lymphocyte DNA Damages and Blood Arsenic Levels in Silver Mining Workers using Alkaline Comet Assay

Kayaaltı¹,

Kaya-Akyüzlü²,

Tutkun³

et al. 2017

Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between DNA damage and blood arsenic levels in individuals occupationally exposed to arsenic (As). A hundred-twenty exposed individuals from silver mining plate workers were monitored in the way of DNA damage in blood lymphocytes using comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis, SSGE). The DNA damage levels were measured by BAB Bs Comet Assay system and As levels were analyzed by the atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) system. The mean blood arsenic level was 17.03±10.85 µg/L. A statistically significant positive correlations were found between the arsenic levels and comet parameters (tail intensity, comet length and tail length) (r=0.360, r=0.334, r=0.259, respectively, p<0.01). Our results showed that exposure to arsenic may cause DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes of Turkish silver mining plate workers.

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The comet assay as a tool for human biomonitoring studies: The ComNet Project

Cited by 193 publications

References 152 publications

Genotoxicity Expert Panel review: weight of evidence evaluation of the genotoxicity of glyphosate, glyphosate-based formulations, and aminomethylphosphonic acid

Genotoxicity Expert Panel review: weight of evidence evaluation of the genotoxicity of glyphosate, glyphosate-based formulations, and aminomethylphosphonic acid

Genotoxic changes in peripheral lymphocytes after therapeutic exposure to crude coal tar and ultraviolet radiation

Evaluation of Relationship Between Lymphocyte DNA Damages and Blood Arsenic Levels in Silver Mining Workers using Alkaline Comet Assay

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