The Combined Unhealthy Behaviors of Breakfast Skipping and Smoking Are Associated with the Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus

Nishiyama, Midori; Muto, Takashi; Minakawa, Toshihiro; Shibata, Toshie

doi:10.1620/tjem.218.259

Cited by 36 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A population-based cohort study in Japan showed that omitting breakfast was associated with higher mortality from all causes for both men and women [27]. Another report showed a combined effect of smoking and lack of breakfast on the prevalence of diabetes [28]. Therefore, the association between current smoking and irregular breakfasting may augment the health dangers of smoking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of smoking status with other lifestyle behaviors are modified by sex and occupational category among urban civil servants in Japan

Higashibata

Wakai

Okada

et al. 2016

Environ Health Prev Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives The aim of the present study was to examine the associations of current smoking with five other unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among urban civil servants in Japan according to sex and occupational category. Methods The study included 10,232 urban civil servants in Japan who presented for a health check-up in 2011. We analyzed data on anthropometric measurements and selfreported lifestyle factors. Results Current smokers had a higher BMI than never smokers in white-collar workers, but not in blue-collar workers of both sexes. There were strong associations of current smoking with irregular breakfasting regardless of sex and occupational category. In males, current smokers were less likely to take exercise than ex-smokers in both occupational categories. Conclusions The associations of current smoking with other unhealthy behaviors were modified by sex and occupational category. These results are useful for understanding the health risks among smokers according to sex and occupational category.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of smoking status with other lifestyle behaviors are modified by sex and occupational category among urban civil servants in Japan

Higashibata

Wakai

Okada

et al. 2016

Environ Health Prev Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among them, breakfast skipping has been related to the clustering of less healthy lifestyle characteristics that affects weight maintenance. 11,25,33,[37][38][39] For instance, improper dietary habits of breakfast skippers, such as higher energy intake from 'in-between meals' (not breakfast, lunch or dinner), particularly from high-calorie snacks, may contribute to weight gain. 18,33 Concurrently, breakfast skippers miss the chance for intake of specific nutrients from common breakfast foods that may reduce the likelihood of weight gain, such as fiber 40 and calcium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breakfast skipping and change in body mass index in young children

Tin

Mak

et al. 2011

Int J Obes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/Objectives: Childhood obesity is prevalent, and dietary habits are a key determinant. Some children skip breakfast for weight control, but studies have shown mixed results. Therefore, we assessed the association between breakfast skipping and body mass index (BMI) among young Chinese children in Hong Kong. Design/Subjects and Methods: A cohort of 113 457 primary 4 participants of the Department of Health Student Health Service in 1998-2000 was followed up for 2 years, with 68 606 (60.5%) participants available for analysis in primary 6. The sociodemographic characteristics for traced and untraced participants were similar. At baseline and follow-up, students reported breakfast habit (consumed vs skipped) and other lifestyle characteristics using a standardized questionnaire. BMI was derived using height and weight measured by trained nurses. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the cross-sectional relationship between breakfast habit and BMI, as well as the prospective association between baseline breakfast habit and change in BMI. Models adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle characteristics. Results: A total of 1805 (5.3%) boys and 1793 (5.2%) girls skipped breakfast at baseline. In cross-sectional analyses, breakfast skippers had a higher mean BMI than did eaters among both primary 4 (b ¼ 0.77, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.67-0.87) (Po0.001) and primary 6 children (b ¼ 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78-0.95) (Po0.001). Compared with eaters, baseline breakfast skippers experienced a greater increase in BMI in the subsequent 2 years (b ¼ 0.11, 95% CI: 0.07-0.16) (Po0.001), and this association was stronger among lunch skippers than eaters (P for interaction ¼ 0.04). Conclusion: Our study provided prospective evidence that skipping breakfast predicts a greater increase in BMI among Hong Kong children. As breakfast is a modifiable dietary habit, our results may have important implications for weight control. However, the underlying mechanism of this effect warrants further investigation

show abstract

“…The number of T2D cases ranged from sixty-one to 2423, with a total of 7419 reported T2D outcomes. With regard to study location, three studies were conducted in the USA (6,16,17) , two in China (18,20) , two in Japan (15,21) and one in Russia (19) . Six studies (15,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) reported results for both men and women; the RR of one study (15) was available only for women; one study (6) reported results for men only; and one study (16) reported results for women only.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breakfast skipping and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Gan

Yang

et al. 2015

Public Health Nutr.

158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Breakfast skipping has been reported to be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the results are inconsistent. No meta-analyses have applied quantitative techniques to compute summary risk estimates. The present study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of observational studies summarizing the evidence on the association between breakfast skipping and the risk of T2D. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Setting: Relevant studies were identified by a search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and SINOMED up to 9 August 2014. We also reviewed reference lists from retrieved articles. We included studies that reported risk estimates (including relative risks, odds ratios and hazard ratios) with 95 % confidence intervals for the association between breakfast skipping and the risk of T2D. Subjects: Eight studies involving 106 935 participants and 7419 patients with T2D were included in the meta-analysis. Results: A pooled adjusted relative risk for the association between exposure to breakfast skipping and T2D risk was 1·21 (95 % CI 1·12, 1·31; P = 0·984; I 2 = 0·0 %) in cohort studies and the pooled OR was 1·15 (95 % CI, 1·05, 1·24; P = 0·770; I 2 = 0·0 %) in cross-sectional studies. Visual inspection of a funnel plot and Begg's test indicated no evidence of publication bias. Conclusions: Breakfast skipping is associated with a significantly increased risk of T2D. Regular breakfast consumption is potentially important for the prevention of T2D. Keywords Breakfast skippingType 2 diabetes Meta-analysis Diabetes mellitus is considered one of the important public health challenges in modern society, both in developed and developing countries (1) . Type 2 diabetes (T2D), which composes more than 95 % of diabetes in the world (2) , is characterized by reduced insulin sensitivity and relative insulin deficiency (3) . It is estimated that the world prevalence of diabetes among adults will increase to 7·7 %, corresponding to 439 million patients, by the year 2030 (4) . Therefore, the identification of modifiable risk factors for the primary prevention of T2D is of considerable public health importance. Breakfast is defined as the first meal of the day, within 2 h of waking, typically eaten no later than 10.00 hours, which provides between 20 and 35 % of total daily energy needs (5) . Breakfast skipping is the behaviour that people do not consume breakfast regularly. The prevalence of breakfast skipping has increased progressively over the past decades (6) . It is highly prevalent in the USA and Europe (10 to 30 %) and the prevalence varies among different age and ethnic groups (7) . There is increasing evidence that breakfast skipping is directly associated with excess weight gain and other adverse health outcomes, including insulin resistance and T2D (5) . However, the associations between breakfast skipping and T2D risk have not been summarized. Thus, we performed a metaanalysis to systematically assess the association between breakfast skipping and...

show abstract

The Combined Unhealthy Behaviors of Breakfast Skipping and Smoking Are Associated with the Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 36 publications

References 15 publications

Associations of smoking status with other lifestyle behaviors are modified by sex and occupational category among urban civil servants in Japan

Associations of smoking status with other lifestyle behaviors are modified by sex and occupational category among urban civil servants in Japan

Breakfast skipping and change in body mass index in young children

Breakfast skipping and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About