The Combined Relationship of Vitamin D and Weight-Bearing Sports Participation on Areal Bone Density and Geometry Among Adolescents: ABCD - Growth Study

Mesquita, Eduardo Duarte de Lima; Exupério, Isabella Neto; Agostinete, Ricardo Ribeiro; Luiz-de-Marco, Rafael; Silva, Jéssica Casarotti Miguel da; Maillane-Vanegas, Santiago; Kemper, Han C. G.; Fernandes, Rômulo Araújo

doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2022.09.001

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Mesquita et al assessed 25(OH)D levels, BMD, and bone geometry of 32 adolescent athletes in weight-bearing sports (artistic gymnastics and track & field) compared to 43 non-sport adolescents. They found that those participants with 25(OH)D levels (defined as ≥ 27 ng/mL based on the median values of the sample) in combination with sports participation had higher areal BMD of the whole body, greater trochanter, femoral neck, femoral shaft, and whole femur, as well as greater cross-sectional area of the femoral neck, than those with low 25(OH)D levels (< 27 ng/mL) and no sports participation [ 51 ]. Constable et al evaluated the independent and interactive associations of vitamin D status, physical activity, and BMD in 366 prepubertal Finnish children aged 6–8 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Health in Young Athletes: a Narrative Review of the Recent Literature

Armento¹,

Heronemus²,

Truong³

et al. 2023

Curr Osteoporos Rep

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Purpose of Review The aim of this review is to discuss the most recent published scientific evidence regarding bone health in the pediatric athlete. Recent Findings Pediatric athletes commonly suffer from overuse injuries to the physes and apophyses, as well as bone stress injuries, for which magnetic resonance imaging grading of the severity of injuries may be useful in guiding return to sport. Adolescent athletes, particularly those who train indoors and during the winter season, are at risk for vitamin D deficiency, which has important implications for bone mineral density. However, the relationship between vitamin D status and traumatic fracture risk is still unclear. While the female athlete triad is a well-established condition, the current work has led to the recognition of parallel pathophysiology in male athletes, referred to as the male athlete triad. Recent evidence suggests that transdermal 17β-estradiol treatment in amenorrhoeic female athletes is an effective adjunctive treatment to improve bone mineral density in treatment of the female athlete triad. Summary Young athletes are at risk for musculoskeletal injuries unique to the growing skeleton. Optimizing nutritional intake, particularly related to adequate vitamin D intake and prevention of the athlete triad, is critical to optimize bone health in the young athlete.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Health in Young Athletes: a Narrative Review of the Recent Literature

Armento¹,

Heronemus²,

Truong³

et al. 2023

Curr Osteoporos Rep

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“…We did not observe any relationship between vitamin D status defined with 25(OH)D and loss of BMD, and both groups experienced substantial loss of BMD in the proximal tibia and distal femur. Cross-sectional studies have typically failed to demonstrate a strong link between circulating total 25(OH)D and BMD ( 46 , 47 ), and regular physical activity is a key determinant of BMD in adolescents ( 48 ). Although severe vitamin D deficiency undeniably impairs bone mineralization ( 11 ), it appears that marginal vitamin D status is not a primary driver of BMD loss in the injured leg after ACLR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D status associates with skeletal muscle loss after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Wen,

Latham,

Moore

et al. 2023

JCI Insight

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BACKGROUND Although 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations of 30 ng/mL or higher are known to reduce injury risk and boost strength, the influence on anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) outcomes remains unexamined. This study aimed to define the vitamin D signaling response to ACLR, assess the relationship between vitamin D status and muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) and bone density outcomes, and discover vitamin D receptor (VDR) targets after ACLR. METHODS Twenty-one young, healthy, physically active participants with recent ACL tears were enrolled (17.8 ± 3.2 years, BMI 26.0 ± 3.5 kg/m 2 ). Data were collected through blood samples, vastus lateralis biopsies, dual energy x-ray bone density measurements, and isokinetic dynamometer measures at baseline, 1 week, 4 months, and 6 months after ACLR. The biopsies facilitated CSA, Western blotting, RNA-seq, and VDR ChIP-seq analyses. RESULTS ACLR surgery led to decreased circulating bioactive vitamin D and increased VDR and activating enzyme expression in skeletal muscle 1 week after ACLR. Participants with less than 30 ng/mL 25(OH)D levels ( n = 13) displayed more significant quadriceps fiber CSA loss 1 week and 4 months after ACLR than those with 30 ng/mL or higher ( n = 8; P < 0.01 for post hoc comparisons; P = 0.041 for time × vitamin D status interaction). RNA-seq and ChIP-seq data integration revealed genes associated with energy metabolism and skeletal muscle recovery, potentially mediating the impact of vitamin D status on ACLR recovery. No difference in bone mineral density losses between groups was observed. CONCLUSION Correcting vitamin D status prior to ACLR may aid in preserving skeletal muscle during recovery. FUNDING NIH grants R01AR072061, R01AR071398-04S1, and K99AR081367.

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“…Vitamin A 900 µg for males 700 µg for females [9] Beef liver Sweet potato Carrot [10] • Protects cells from free radicals' damage produced during exercise, lowering aches and fatigue.…”

Section: Type Of Micronutrient Dri Top Rich Food Sources Role In Exer...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Riboflavin (B2) 1.3 mg for males 1.1 mg for females [23] Dairy products, meat, egg [21] Does not have an effect on athletic performance [21] Niacin (B3) 16 mg for males 14 mg for females [10] Whole grains, dairy products, milk, and meat [21] • Lowers lipid levels by increasing homocysteine levels [23] •…”

Section: Type Of Micronutrient Dri Top Rich Food Sources Role In Exer...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Relationship between Micronutrients and Athletic Performance: A Comprehensive Scientific Systematic Review of the Literature in Sports Medicine

Ghazzawi,

Hussain,

Raziq

et al. 2023

Sports

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The aim of this systematic review is twofold: (i) to examine the effects of micronutrient intake on athletic performance and (ii) to determine the specific micronutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, that offer the most significant enhancements in terms of athletic performance, with the goal of providing guidance to athletes and coaches in optimizing their nutritional strategies. The study conducted a systematic search of electronic databases (i.e., PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus) using keywords pertaining to micronutrients, athletic performance, and exercise. The search involved particular criteria of studies published in English between 1950 and 2023. The findings suggest that vitamins and minerals are crucial for an athlete’s health and physical performance, and no single micronutrient is more important than others. Micronutrients are necessary for optimal metabolic body’s functions such as energy production, muscle growth, and recovery, which are all important for sport performance. Meeting the daily intake requirement of micronutrients is essential for athletes, and while a balanced diet that includes healthy lean protein sources, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables is generally sufficient, athletes who are unable to meet their micronutrient needs due to malabsorption or specific deficiencies may benefit from taking multivitamin supplements. However, athletes should only take micronutrient supplements with the consultation of a specialized physician or nutritionist and avoid taking them without confirming a deficiency.

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The Combined Relationship of Vitamin D and Weight-Bearing Sports Participation on Areal Bone Density and Geometry Among Adolescents: ABCD - Growth Study

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Bone Health in Young Athletes: a Narrative Review of the Recent Literature

Bone Health in Young Athletes: a Narrative Review of the Recent Literature

Vitamin D status associates with skeletal muscle loss after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Exploring the Relationship between Micronutrients and Athletic Performance: A Comprehensive Scientific Systematic Review of the Literature in Sports Medicine

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