The combined effects of CO<sub>2</sub> concentration and solar UV‐B radiation on faba bean grown in open‐top chambers

Visser, A. J.; Tosserams, M.; Groen, M. W.; Magendans, G. W. H.; Rozema, J.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040.1997.d01-64.x

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…2). This is in accord with findings in faba bean, and decreasing UV‐B sensitivity over time has been related to improved photorepair functions, changes in plant architecture as well as increased levels of UV‐absorbing compounds (Visser et al ., 1997).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

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Sensitivity of white clover to UV‐B radiation depends on water availability, plant productivity and duration of stress

Hofmann

Campbell

Fountain

2003

Global Change Biology

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Nine populations of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) were grown for 12 weeks with supplemental application of 13.3 kJ m−2 d−1 ultraviolet‐B (UV‐B) radiation under controlled environmental conditions. Drought was applied during the last four weeks of the experiment. Under well‐watered conditions, UV‐B decreased white clover growth on average by 20%. Cultivars bred for agricultural performance were sensitive to UV‐B, while slow‐growing ecotypes were UV‐B‐tolerant. After four weeks of water stress, there were no significant population differences in UV‐B responsiveness. UV‐B sensitivity decreased with increasing exposure to drought and with longer duration of UV‐B irradiation, suggesting that the direction and extent of the UV‐B 3× drought interaction depends on the duration of stress. The population comparisons indicate that low constitutive growth rate and adaptation to other forms of stress may be related to UV‐B tolerance under well‐watered conditions, but not during extended periods of drought.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Furthermore, there is a need for more examinations of the time‐course of UV‐B responsiveness. Findings in woody perennials show that UV‐B damage can increase with time (Björn et al ., 1997), while sensitivity in faba bean decreased with prolonged UV‐B exposure (Visser et al ., 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of white clover to UV‐B radiation depends on water availability, plant productivity and duration of stress

Hofmann

Campbell

Fountain

2003

Global Change Biology

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“…Thus, we were somewhat surprised that attenuation of these high UV fluxes had minimal effect on fava bean growth and morphology. Some small morphological changes in fava bean, without accompanying changes in above-ground mass, have been reported with UV-B exclusion in the Netherlands (Visser et al, 1997) and in a greenhouse UV-B supplementation experiment (Barnes et al, 1990a). However, under field UV-B supplementation at mid-latitudes, this variety of fava bean showed changes in leaf optical properties, but no changes in photosynthesis (Flint et al, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Solar UV-B Radiation and Global Dimming: Effects on Plant Growth and UV-Shielding

Ryel

Flint

Barnes

2010

UV Radiation in Global Climate Change

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Atmospheric aerosols and other particulates have been linked to reductions in shortwave radiation (global dimming). While much research has focused on the effects on plants caused by ambient and elevated UV-B (290 nm 320 nm), the direct effects of global dimming, and those mediated by associated changes in UV-B radiation, have not been effectively assessed. We conducted an experiment in the high-UV environment of Mauna Kea, Hawaii to compare the effects of UV-B reduction with a simulation of global dimming (accomplished with 13% shading). Using fava beans, (Vicia faba), we found that structural differences due to the treatments were minimal in this high light environment. Most surprising was the minimal effect of UV-B on plant growth given the high UV-B environment. However, both UV-B and shading significantly influenced epidermal UV transmittance, suggesting that changes that occur in secondary chemistry can affect epidermal transmittance for UV. Additional experiments suggest that the change in epidermal transmittance due to shading would most likely occur with foliage in highshade environments. Such changes in secondary chemistry have the potential to affect herbivory, nutrient cycling, and plant response to pathogens. While there are few experimental studies that specifically address possible reductions in radiation due to global dimming, many UV reduction experiments have been conducted in recent decades. Attempts to generalize latitudinal responses from these studies, however, are frustrated by a number of factors. Chief among them are different methodologies (reduction of different UV wavebands in different experiments) and a lack of reporting UV irradiance levels.

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“…This study reveals no long‐term effects of enhanced UV‐B on either total biomass or individual species biomass within the turves and also shows no significant effect of UV‐B enhancement on the competitive balance of species in the turves over time. The lack of any long‐term responses to enhanced UV‐B by any of the species present in the turves in comparison to other studies may simply show that under high ratios of PAR to UV‐B, mechanisms such as photorepair may ameliorate UV‐B damage (Caldwell & Flint 1994; Visser et al . 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…1997). It may also indicate that as turves became more dense, relatively less leaf area was exposed to UV‐B radiation, resulting in no significant effect of enhanced UV‐B (Visser et al . 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated UV‐B radiation effects on experimental grassland communities

Norton

McLeod

Greenslade³

et al. 1999

Global Change Biology

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Summary Experimental grassland communities (turves) were exposed to supplemental levels of UV‐B radiation (280–315 nm) at an outdoor facility, under treatment arrays of cellulose diacetate‐filtered fluorescent lamps which also produce UV‐A radiation (315–400 nm). Control treatments consisted of arrays of polyester‐filtered lamps, which allowed for exposure to UV‐A radiation alone, and arrays of unenergized lamps allowing for exposure to ambient levels of solar radiation.

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The combined effects of CO₂ concentration and solar UV‐B radiation on faba bean grown in open‐top chambers

Abstract: ABSTRACToften described in tbe literature migbt be explained by tbe absence of solar UV-B radiation in tbese cbambers.

Cited by 31 publications

References 55 publications

Sensitivity of white clover to UV‐B radiation depends on water availability, plant productivity and duration of stress

Sensitivity of white clover to UV‐B radiation depends on water availability, plant productivity and duration of stress

Solar UV-B Radiation and Global Dimming: Effects on Plant Growth and UV-Shielding

Elevated UV‐B radiation effects on experimental grassland communities

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The combined effects of CO2 concentration and solar UV‐B radiation on faba bean grown in open‐top chambers

Abstract: ABSTRACToften described in tbe literature migbt be explained by tbe absence of solar UV-B radiation in tbese cbambers.

Cited by 31 publications

References 55 publications

Sensitivity of white clover to UV‐B radiation depends on water availability, plant productivity and duration of stress

Sensitivity of white clover to UV‐B radiation depends on water availability, plant productivity and duration of stress

Solar UV-B Radiation and Global Dimming: Effects on Plant Growth and UV-Shielding

Elevated UV‐B radiation effects on experimental grassland communities

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The combined effects of CO₂ concentration and solar UV‐B radiation on faba bean grown in open‐top chambers