The combined effect of fertiliser nitrogen and phosphorus on herbage yield and changes in soil nutrients of a grass/clover and grass-only sward

Schils, R.L.M.; Snijders, P.J.M.

doi:10.1023/b:fres.0000019045.90791.a4

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…plot, ND not determined fertilisation between N180 and N300 (Supplementary Table E). These values are in line with results from other experiments (Vellinga and André 1999;Schils and Snijders 2004). On sand2 and peat, the N yield responded positively to P fertilisation (b1), caused by the positive response of DM yield to P application.…”

Section: Total N Content and N Yieldsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Response to N The response of DM yield to the applied N fertilisation was in line with results from other experiments on similar soil types and sites (Schils and Snijders 2004;Vellinga and Andre 1999). An interaction between N and P fertilisation in DM yield was not found, likely because there were only two N levels.…”

Section: Relationship Between Soil and Herbage Responsesupporting

confidence: 89%

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Does balanced phosphorus fertilisation sustain high herbage yields and phosphorus contents in alternately grazed and mown pastures?

Middelkoop

Salm

Ehlert

et al. 2016

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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Many soils of agricultural land in affluent countries have been enriched with phosphorus (P), because P application via fertilisers and manures was larger than P withdrawal via harvested biomass. This practice threatens the long-term availability of P fertilisers derived from finite rock phosphates, as well as surface water quality because of P leaching and runoff losses. In response, restrictions on P fertilisation have been implemented in some countries. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of balanced P fertilisation in comparison to a surplus P fertilisation on dry matter (DM) grass yield, grass quality, and soil P status. A 15 years' lasting field experiment was conducted on four permanent grassland sites, on sand (two sites), peat and young marine clay in the Netherlands. Fertilisation levels, including cattle slurry, were aimed to implement P surpluses of 0, 9, and 18 kg P ha -1 year -1 , and N surpluses of 180 and 300 kg ha -1 year -1 . Grasslands were alternately grazed and mown, and grass yields and soil P levels were measured. Annual DM yield, P content, and P yield of grazed grassland were lower at balanced P fertilisation than at a surplus of 9 or 18 kg P ha -1 -year -1 on sand and peat. Differences between P treatments remained constant over time. On the recently reclaimed marine clay, DM yield did not differ between P treatments, but P content and P yield did respond to different P surpluses. Differences between sites in the response to P surpluses were related to differences in soil P status, according to P-AL (capacity indicator) and P-CaCl 2 (intensity indicator). At balanced P fertilisation, P-AL tended to decrease, while P-CaCl 2 tended to remain constant. At surplus P, P-AL tended to increase and P-CaCl 2 tended to remain constant. Herbage yield and P uptake also strongly responded to N treatments. In conclusion, there is a risk that balanced P fertilisation reduces herbage yield and P content relative to surplus P fertilisation, even at relatively high soil P status. The risk of yield reduction seems to be related to the ratio between the P intensity indicator and P capacity indicator.Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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Section: Total N Content and N Yieldsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Relationship Between Soil and Herbage Responsesupporting

confidence: 89%

Does balanced phosphorus fertilisation sustain high herbage yields and phosphorus contents in alternately grazed and mown pastures?

Middelkoop

Salm

Ehlert

et al. 2016

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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“…These applications reflect very heavily fertilized agricultural areas (Schils and Snijders 2004). N (NH 4 NO 3 ) and P (NaH 2 PO 4 ) addition to the water occurred in three-weekly doses, resulting in a yearly dose of 6 kg P ha -1 and 25 kg N ha -1 , leading to the concentrations that occur in polluted surface waters in fens (Lamers and others 2006).…”

Section: Mesocosm Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Nutrient Enrichment of Either the Bank or the Surface Water on Shoreline Vegetation and Decomposition

et al. 2010

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Riparian ecosystems can harbor great diversity and provide important ecological functions such as improving water quality. The impact of eutrophication on riparian ecosystems, however, is unclear. We conducted a mesocosm experiment to study the effects of nutrient loading on riparian ecosystems. We specifically asked whether the source of nutrients in the riparian zone affects the complex interactions that occur between surface water and adjacent wetlands. We also studied litter decomposition in the wetland component of the mesocosms, because litter accumulation in fens is assumed to control succession toward floating mats. Each mesocosm consisted of an upland component, referred to as the bank, and a water compartment. The bank and water compartments were planted with typical riparian zone and open water fen species prior to the addition of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in different combinations to either the bank or the surface water. Nutrient addition (mainly P) resulted in increased plant production and higher expansion rates of plants on the bank and in the water. There were also clear interactions in plant responses between the bank and water. Only eutrophic species increased shoot densities after fertilization. Nutrient addition further resulted in higher litter production, especially on the banks, and stimulated decomposition. Both the plant responses and the litter experiment indicated that eutrophication would accelerate succession to floating mats. Such floating fen mats are not likely to have the typical species-rich combination of desirable species; however, as our results suggest that they would be dominated by a few eutrophic species.

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“…While Høgh-Jensen et al (2001) and Schils and Snijders (2004) reported that application of P and K to mixed swards favoured the competitive ability of perennial ryegrass relative to white clover, Acuña and Wilman (1993) and Fortune et al (2005) did not find any evidence of added P or/ and K increasing the competitive power of either grasses or clovers. Owing to greater root length and surface area, many grasses compete strongly with clovers for soil nutrients (Mengel andSteffens 1985, Høgh-Jensen andPedersen 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Grassland growth responds positively to supply with plant nutrients, e.g. with N (Griffin et al 2002), P (Schils and Snijders 2004), and K (Pant et al 2004). On acid soils, liming contributes to increased grassland productivity (Ritchey et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of herbage production in mixed leys as related to ley age and environmental factors: a farm survey

Riesinger¹,

Herzon²

2008

AFSci

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Influences of ley age, soil properties, and geographical location on the herbage production of red clover-grass leys were determined under practical conditions on 27 organic farms located in the southern and in the northwestern coastal regions of Finland. Averaged over one-, two-, and three-year-old leys the accumulated first and second cuts produced 7.12 t dry matter herbage ha-1 year-1, with a clover proportion of 34.8%. Herbage production declined with increasing ley age. The average proportion of clover increased from 26.4% in the first to 43.7% in the second cut but decreased with ley age. Within- and between-field variations of clover proportions markedly decreased from the first to the second cut and strongly increased with ley age, while changes in the variations of herbage production were less pronounced. Within-field variations of clover proportions in the first and in the second cuts were higher at lower proportions of clover. Herbage production was positively related with clover proportion. Soil properties had a major impact on clover proportion and herbage production, largely explaining also regional differences in ley growth. Amelioration of fields and, not at least, of less fertile sites within the same field seems to be a crucial requirement for higher and more even clover proportions and herbage yields.;

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The combined effect of fertiliser nitrogen and phosphorus on herbage yield and changes in soil nutrients of a grass/clover and grass-only sward

Cited by 28 publications

References 14 publications

Does balanced phosphorus fertilisation sustain high herbage yields and phosphorus contents in alternately grazed and mown pastures?

Does balanced phosphorus fertilisation sustain high herbage yields and phosphorus contents in alternately grazed and mown pastures?

The Effect of Nutrient Enrichment of Either the Bank or the Surface Water on Shoreline Vegetation and Decomposition

Variability of herbage production in mixed leys as related to ley age and environmental factors: a farm survey

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