The combination of glass dust and glass fiber as fluxing agents for ceramifiable silicone rubber composites

Lou, Feipeng; Cheng, Lihong; Li, Qiuying; Wei, Ting; Guan, Xinyuan; Guo, Weihong

doi:10.1039/c7ra07432h

Cited by 37 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The inorganic fillers include mica, kaolin, wollastonite, montmorillonite, and laponite platelets [7,8,9,10]. The fluxing agents (glass dust, zinc borate, and ammonium polyphosphate) start to soften and produce a high amount of liquid along with the increase in of sintering temperature [11,12]. The liquid phase joins the inorganic and other fillers together, preventing the combustible gas from escaping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Flame-Retardant and Ceramifiable Properties of EVA Composites by Combination of Ammonium Polyphosphate and Aluminum Hydroxide

Lou

Wang

et al. 2019

Polymers

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Ceramifiable flame-retardant ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer composites for wire and cable sheathing materials were prepared through melt compounding with ammonium polyphosphate (APP), aluminum hydroxide (ATH) and fluorophlogopite mica as the addition agents. The effects of ammonium polyphosphate, alumina trihydrate, and APP/ATH hybrid on the flame retardant, as well as on the thermal and ceramifiable properties of EVA composites, were investigated. The results demonstrated that the composites with the ratio of APP:ATH = 1:1 displayed the best flame retardancy and the greatest char residues among the various EVA composites. The tensile strength of the composites was 6.8 MPa, and the residue strength sintered at 1000 °C reached 5.2 MPa. The effect of sintering temperature on the ceramifiable properties, microstructures, and crystalline phases of the sintered specimen was subsequently investigated through X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, and scanning electron microscopy. The XRD and FTIR results demonstrated that the crystal structure of mica was disintegrated, while magnesium orthophosphate (Mg3(PO4)2) was simultaneously produced at an elevated temperature, indicating that the ceramization of EVA composites had occurred. The SEM results demonstrated that a more continuous and compact microstructure was produced with the rise in the sintering temperature. This contributed to the flexural strength improvement of the ceramics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Flame-Retardant and Ceramifiable Properties of EVA Composites by Combination of Ammonium Polyphosphate and Aluminum Hydroxide

Lou

Wang

et al. 2019

Polymers

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“…An increase in the temperature above 1000 °C leads to the formation of KAlSi 3 O 8 , which imparts a specific bending resistance to the formed ceramic layer [18]. Lou et al analyzed the impact of both dust and glass fiber on the properties of the ceramic layer [19]. In our previous studies, we carried out research on the impact of carbon fiber on the properties of ceramizable composites of silicone rubber [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Basalt Filler on Thermal and Mechanical Properties, as Well as Fire Hazard, of Silicone Rubber Composites, Including Ceramizable Composites

et al. 2019

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This article illustrates the impact of basalt filler, both in the form of basalt flakes and basalt fibers, on thermal and mechanical properties, as well as on the fire hazard, of silicone rubber (SR) composites, including ceramizable composites. In addition to basalt filler, ceramizable composites contain mineral fillers in their composition in the form of silica and calcium carbonate, inorganic fluxes such as zinc borate and glass frit, and melamine cyanurate as a flame retardant. The obtained composites were analyzed from the point of view of their morphology, rheological and thermal properties, flammability, and mechanical properties before and after the ceramization process. The obtained research results indicate that the basalt filler has an unambiguous impact on the improvement of thermal properties and the reduction of flammability in the analyzed composites. The results of morphological analyses of ceramizable composites before and after the process of their ceramization indicate a definite impact of the basalt filler on the structure of the formed ceramic layer. An increase in its homogeneity exerts a direct impact on the improvement of its mechanical parameters.

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“…Basalt fibres were proven to be an environmentally friendly and promising additive to polymer, metallic, and concrete composites [19], however its impact on the toxicity has not been presented yet. The problem of the emission of toxic gases during their decomposition is of key importance from the point of view of fire safety [20,21,22,23,24,25,26] if we take into consideration that ceramizable composites are at present more and more commonly used as an insulation material for wires that are intended for supplying power to electrical devices in huge malls, on the boards of planes, or in lifts. An earlier article presents the effect of basalt fillers on the thermal properties and flammability of silicone rubber composites, including ceramizable composites [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Basalt Filler and Ceramizable Additives on the Toxicity of Gaseous Products Emitted from Thermal Decomposition of Silicone Rubber Composites

et al. 2019

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The article illustrates the impact of basalt filler in the form of flakes and fibres on the toxicity of gaseous products that formed during the thermal decomposition of silicone rubber composites. The values of specific emissions of gases were determined with the help of the IR spectroscopy and further applied to calculate the toxicometric index. The presented method of measuring the concentrations of gaseous products resulting from thermal decomposition consists in the application of a fluidised bed reactor, which makes it possible to conduct the decomposition of a sample at a precisely assumed temperature value and imitate the conditions of a real fire. At a temperature lower than 700 °C, the gases resulting from the thermal decomposition of composites are particularly toxic due to the presence of significant concentrations of formaldehyde that does not undergo oxidation to more stable inorganic products. At a temperature of 600 °C the toxicity of gases for the samples with ceramizable additives and without them was similar. In the first case, there appeared to be a positive synergistic effect of mineral and basalt additives, and the basalt additives themselves increased the toxicity of gases. At higher temperatures of decomposition, the exponentially increasing rate of the oxidation reaction in the gaseous phase results in the lack of significant differences between the toxicity of gases for the samples with and without basalt additives. The toxicometric index value at temperatures of 700 °C and 800 °C was by one or two orders of magnitude higher, respectively, than the one that was observed in the temperature range of 500–600 °C, as inorganic components appear in the place of formaldehyde.

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The combination of glass dust and glass fiber as fluxing agents for ceramifiable silicone rubber composites

Abstract: A novel ceramifying silicone rubber composite filled with mica powder, glass dust and glass fiber was prepared for high-temperature applications.

Cited by 37 publications

References 36 publications

Improved Flame-Retardant and Ceramifiable Properties of EVA Composites by Combination of Ammonium Polyphosphate and Aluminum Hydroxide

Improved Flame-Retardant and Ceramifiable Properties of EVA Composites by Combination of Ammonium Polyphosphate and Aluminum Hydroxide

Impact of Basalt Filler on Thermal and Mechanical Properties, as Well as Fire Hazard, of Silicone Rubber Composites, Including Ceramizable Composites

Impact of Basalt Filler and Ceramizable Additives on the Toxicity of Gaseous Products Emitted from Thermal Decomposition of Silicone Rubber Composites

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