The collateral system of the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body of the cat, its neuronal architecture and relation to the olivo-cochlear bundle

Morest, D. Kent

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(68)90235-7

Cited by 260 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This is the first study to suggest that spherical and globular bushy cells may have projection targets outside of the superior olivary complex. Other studies have demonstrated that spherical bushy cells project to the medial and lateral superior olivary nuclei, while the globular bushy cells project to the opposite medial nucleus of the trapezoid body and the dors~)medial periolivary nucleus (Stotler, 1953;Harrison and Wart, 1962;Harrison and Irving, 1966;Morest, 1968;van Noort, 1969;Tolbert et al, 1982). Both projections are excitatory, producing responses in the target nuclei which resemble those of the bushy cells (e.g., Goldberg and Brown, 1969;Guinan et al, 1972).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Connections between the cochlear nuclei in guinea pig

et al. 1992

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This study provides a detailed analysis of the appearances and distributions of neurons projecting from one cochlear nucleus to the other. Injections of wheatgerm agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase were made into ventral or dorsal cochlear nucleus of the guinea pig. Retrogradely labeled cells in the opposite cochlear nucleus were examined and quantified. Three major categories of labeled cells were discerned on the basis of their soma shape: elongate, round-to-oval, and polygonal. All injections resulted in widespread labeling of cells in all of these categories, but especially round-to-oval cells, in the opposite ventral cochlear nucleus and sparse labeling in the dorsal cochlear nucleus. The results suggest that there is a significant cochlear nucleus commissural projection involving heterogeneous cell types which could have diverse functions in binaural auditory signal processing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Connections between the cochlear nuclei in guinea pig

et al. 1992

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“…The large calyx of Held synaptic ending from globular bushy cells onto the somata of MNTB neurons is specialized for temporally invariant transmission of excitatory inputs (Morest, 1968;Borst et al, 1995;Joris, 1996;Trussell, 1999), and evidence suggests that MNTB neurons faithfully transmit temporal information from globular bushy cells (Smith et al, 1998). Many globular bushy Figure 8.…”

Section: Kv31 Is Critical For the Preservation Of Timing Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of the Kv3.1b Potassium Channel Isoform Adjusts the Fidelity of the Firing Pattern of Auditory Neurons

et al. 2003

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Neurons of the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body, which transmit auditory information that is used to compute the location of sounds in space, are capable of firing at high frequencies with great temporal precision. We found that elimination of the Kv3.1 gene in mice results in the loss of a high-threshold component of potassium current and failure of the neurons to follow high-frequency stimulation. A partial decrease in Kv3.1 current can be produced in wild-type neurons of the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body by activation of protein kinase C. Paradoxically, activation of protein kinase C increases temporal fidelity and the number of action potentials that are evoked by intermediate frequencies of stimulation. Computer simulations confirm that a partial decrease in Kv3.1 current is sufficient to increase the accuracy of response at intermediate frequencies while impairing responses at high frequencies. We further establish that, of the two isoforms of the Kv3.1 potassium channel that are expressed in these neurons, Kv3.1a and Kv3.1b, the decrease in Kv3.1 current is mediated by selective phosphorylation of the Kv3.1b isoform. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we identify a specific C-terminal phosphorylation site responsible for the observed difference in response of the two isoforms to protein kinase C activation. Our results suggest that modulation of Kv3.1 by phosphorylation allows auditory neurons to tune their responses to different patterns of sensory stimulation.

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“…This nucleus was distinguished clearly in fiber-stained sections, and a variety of multipolar cells were observed in Nissl-stained material. We refer to this nucleus as the DMPO because of its relative location and the prevalence of large multipolar and stellate cells, which have been described in the DMPO of other mammals (Morest, 1968a). In addition, some of the cells in this nucleus stained intensely for acetylcholinesterase (ACHE; Fig.…”

Section: The Four Principal Nuclei Of the Superior Olivary Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy and projection patterns of the superior olivary comlex in the mexican free‐tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana

Grothe¹,

Schweizer²,

Pollak

et al. 1994

J of Comparative Neurology

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The superior olivary complex (SOC) is the first station in the ascending auditory pathway that receives binaural projections. Two of the principal nuclei, the lateral superior olive (LSO) and the medial superior olive (MSO), are major sources of ascending projections to the inferior colliculus. Whereas almost all mammals have an LSO, it has traditionally been thought that only animals that hear low frequencies have an MSO. Recent reports, however, suggest that the medial part of the SOC in bats is highly variable and that at least some bats have a well-developed MSO. Thus, the main goal of this study was to evaluate the cytoarchitecture and connections of the principal superior olivary nuclei of the Mexican free-tailed bat, with specific attention directed at the MSO. Cell and fiber stained material revealed that the LSO and the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) are similar to those described for other mammals. There are two medial nuclei we refer to as dorsomedial periolivary nucleus (DMPO) and MSO. Tracer experiments exhibited that the DMPO receives bilateral projections from the cochlear nucleus, and additional projections from the ipsilateral MNTB. The DMPO sends a strong projection to the ipsilateral inferior colliculus. Positive staining for acetylcholinesterase indicates that the DMPO is a part of the olivocochlear system, as it is in other animals. The MSO in the free-tailed bat meets many of the criteria that traditionally define this nucleus. These include the presence of bipolar and multipolar principal cells, bilateral innervation from the cochlear nucleus, a strong projection from the ipsilateral MNTB, and the absence of cholinergic cells. The major difference from traditional MSO features is that it projects bilaterally to the inferior colliculus. Approximately 30% of its cells provide collateral projections to the colliculi on both sides. Functional implications of the MSO for the free-tailed bat are considered in the Discussion. o 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Key words: auditory pathways, medial superior olive, dorsomedial periolivary nucleus, periolivary nucleiThe superior olivary complex (SOC) is the first station in the ascending auditory pathway that receives converging inputs from both ears. It consists of three principal nuclei, the lateral superior olivary nucleus (LSO), the medial superior olivary nucleus (MSO) and the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB). The three nuclei are distinguished by their position, by their principal cells, by their afferent inputs and by the targets of their projections (for review: Cant, 1991;Schwartz, 1992).The main goal of this study was to evaluate the principal superior olivary nuclei of the Mexican free-tailed bat, with special attention directed at the MSO. The major question that we address is whether the Mexican free-tailed bat's MSO is homologous to the MSO in other more common laboratory mammals. The question stems from the duplex theory of sound localization and ideas about the processing of binaural cues that emerged from compar...

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The collateral system of the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body of the cat, its neuronal architecture and relation to the olivo-cochlear bundle

Cited by 260 publications

References 14 publications

Connections between the cochlear nuclei in guinea pig

Connections between the cochlear nuclei in guinea pig

Modulation of the Kv3.1b Potassium Channel Isoform Adjusts the Fidelity of the Firing Pattern of Auditory Neurons

Anatomy and projection patterns of the superior olivary comlex in the mexican free‐tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana

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