The cold air drainage model KLAM_21 - Model formulation and comparison with observations

Sievers,; Kossmann,

doi:10.2307/26779385

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…According to Sung et al [45], wind corridor forests are urban forests that allow the flow of cool and fresh air into urban areas. This improves air pollution and thermal insulation conditions in urban areas with poor climate conditions by introducing cool and fresh air ('kaltluft' in German) from night forests to urban ventilation passages [46][47][48]. Wind corridor forests are classified into three divisions according to their role [45]: wind-generating, windconnecting, and wind-spreading forests.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Cooling effect of urban forests on the urban heat island in Seoul, South Korea

et al. 2023

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Air pollution and climate change amplify the urban heat island (UHI) effect, which has an adverse effect on human health. Urban forests (UFs) are important to reduce the UHI effect; however, the quantitative effect of UFs on UHI, relative to time and space, has not yet been investigated. In this study, we aimed to quantitatively measure the actual thermal environment in UFs. To this end, temperature and humidity loggers were installed in 17 UFs in Seoul for a year and analyzed according to vegetation characteristics and accessibility. The urban forests and park showed consistent temperature reduction, whereas the lawn showed higher temperature reduction effects during autumn-winter. The traffic island showed lower annual temperature reduction effect than other UFs. From spring to autumn, mixed and broadleaved forests showed better temperature reduction effect than coniferous forests. The temperature in UFs decreased by approximately 1.9°C over ~3 km from the traffic island near the city to the forest. This study revealed the difference in the cooling effect according to the type and location of UF and the vegetation structure. The functional characteristics of plants and the UF that reflects them can help reduce the negative impact of climate warming and UHI on human health.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Cooling effect of urban forests on the urban heat island in Seoul, South Korea

et al. 2023

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“…Since the proposed mapping technique here did not take into account changes in wind direction, speeds, or shade effects according to building height and arrangement, the conclusions are somewhat limited when analyzing wind paths and thermal comfort at the street or human height levels, where such effects will be most appreciated. Accordingly, in addition to the methods proposed in the present study, urban-scale climate analysis models (e.g., KLAM_21) [50][51][52] that simulate cold air flow, or microclimate models (e.g., ENVI-MET) [53,54] that consider the impact of buildings in small areas would be appropriate. Recently, various local authorities have been actively creating spatial EPs and urban climate atlases, while studies applying climate models in Korea are a frequent focus as well [24][25][26]47].…”

Section: Limitation Of the Proposed Wind Field Mapping And Suggestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Wind Field Mapping Technique for Municipal Environmental Planning: A Case Study of Cheongju-Si, Korea

Shin

Park²,

Yun

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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The integrated management of land and environmental plans (EPs) has been a key direction of sustainable policy in Korea. Although local EPs should be established based on spatial data, much of the pertinent environmental information has not been mapped. Accordingly, we develop a wind field mapping technique for establishing local EPs. This method was developed via a numerical weather prediction model (Weather Research and Forecast—WRF), and a diagnostic meteorological model (California Meteorological model—CALMET), based on weather observation data, as well as terrain and land cover data. The developed method was applied to a case study in Cheongju-si, Korea, for verifying its effectiveness. The created wind field maps of Cheongju-si provided an intuitive visual representation of the spatial distribution of seasonal and daytime/nighttime wind patterns. Such data helped understand the directionality and patterns of winds blowing into a city, or identify stagnant areas of wind circulation. Overlaying the wind field map with maps of air pollutant emissions revealed that pollutants from industrial areas could flow along the prevailing winds into residential areas downtown. These maps also implied that open spaces, such as parks and grasslands, were recommendable for stagnant areas, instead of creating industrial complexes or residential areas.

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“…The results of these studies are used in various computational fluid dynamics models, e.g. MITRAS (Schlünzen et al, 2003), ENVI-met (Brüse, 2004), SOLWEIG (Lindberg et al, 2008), MUKLIMO_3 (Sievers & Früh, 2012;Sievers & Kossmann, 2016), HURES (Park et al, 2014), UrbClim (de Ridder et al, 2015), and most recently PALM (Maronga et al, 2020). For built-up areas, use can also be made of the RayMan model (Matzarakis et al, 2010), which uses the VDI procedure to calculate Mrt (VDI, 2008;di Napoli et al, 2020b).…”

Section: Mean Radiant Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

UTCI applications in practice (methodological questions)

Błażejczyk

Kuchcik

2021

Geogr. Pol.

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UTCI, although it was developed with the participation of scientists from 22 countries, it has shortcomings and people using it face various obstacles. The difficulties include wide range of issues: from different availability of meteorological data in individual countries, through the kind of air temperature which should be properly used in calculations, or the need of recalculation of wind speed. However the biggest subject concern algorithms for mean radiant temperature (Mrt) calculations, different models and programs which simplify calculations of this complex index though introduce different approximations and, as a result, many false results. The paper presents also wide range of UTCI applications in urban bioclimate studies and bioclimatic mapping, climate-human health researches and biometeorological forecasts which were the primary purpose of the index creation, but also applications in tourism and recreation or even in bioclimate change analysis.

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The cold air drainage model KLAM_21 - Model formulation and comparison with observations

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Cooling effect of urban forests on the urban heat island in Seoul, South Korea

Cooling effect of urban forests on the urban heat island in Seoul, South Korea

Urban Wind Field Mapping Technique for Municipal Environmental Planning: A Case Study of Cheongju-Si, Korea

UTCI applications in practice (methodological questions)

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