“…The results of these studies are used in various computational fluid dynamics models, e.g. MITRAS (Schlünzen et al, 2003), ENVI-met (Brüse, 2004), SOLWEIG (Lindberg et al, 2008), MUKLIMO_3 (Sievers & Früh, 2012;Sievers & Kossmann, 2016), HURES (Park et al, 2014), UrbClim (de Ridder et al, 2015), and most recently PALM (Maronga et al, 2020). For built-up areas, use can also be made of the RayMan model (Matzarakis et al, 2010), which uses the VDI procedure to calculate Mrt (VDI, 2008;di Napoli et al, 2020b).…”