The Coexistence and Interaction of Formal and Informal Lending in China— Discussion of the Wenzhou Case

Wu, Junjie

doi:10.1080/10971475.2017.1368897

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Though some studies have reported the negative impacts of formal credit market expansion with informal credit utilization (Burgess and Pande, 2005; Giné, 2011; Yuan and Gao, 2012). Simultaneously, several studies have also witnessed the co-existence of formal and informal credit institutions (Garcia et al , 2015; Wu, 2018; Wang, 2019).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formal vs informal demand for credit by women in urban India: a comparative study in slums of Delhi and Mumbai

Malik

Maheshwari

Singh

2020

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Purpose Over the period, the role of finance has emerged significant in the socio-economic development of the women. There are two major types of finances, i.e. formal and informal ones. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to investigate first the determinants of the demand for credit and then the demand for these credit sources by women especially in urban slums. Design/methodology/approach In this study, a primary survey was conducted with the help of a structured questionnaire in slums of two major urban cities in India, i.e. Delhi and Mumbai. In total, 450 individuals were interviewed in each city. Findings This paper presents a range of significant socio-economic factors affecting the demand for credit and source of credit by women borrower in Delhi and Mumbai. Despite, the greater emphasis by the government to increase the formal credit utilization, the informal credit is still preferred. Practical implications The outcomes of the study are expectedly useful to various policymakers and banks in encouraging women to opt more for the formal credit. The government can follow the research outcomes to scale up the programmes and schemes targeted for women empowerment in urban slums. Originality/value The study is unique of its kind in doing a comparative analysis in slums of two differently located urban cities with large slum population.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formal vs informal demand for credit by women in urban India: a comparative study in slums of Delhi and Mumbai

Malik

Maheshwari

Singh

2020

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“…Rifampicin is a classic polymorphism drug and has three crystal forms [9,10], namely, I, II, and SV [11], which are obtained from different solvents [12]. The different crystal forms have a strong effect on physicochemical property and bioavailability [13,14]. Research indicates that crystal Forms I and II are bioavailable and have a similar solution rate and bioavailability [15].…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Solid‐State and Solution‐Mediated Polymorphic Transformation of Rifampicin

Jing¹,

Xia

2018

Chem Eng & Technol

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Rifampicin, a semisynthetic broad‐spectrum antibiotic with antibacterial activity for a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, has three crystal forms, namely, I, II, and SV. Forms I and II are bioavailable. Solid‐state polymorphic transformation (SST) from Form II to I and solution‐mediated polymorphic transformation (SMT) from Form I to II were investigated by offline X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. Solubility and supersolubility of rifampicin Forms I and II in different solvents were obtained using the static method and turbidity meter method separately. The thermodynamic study of rifampicin proved that crystal Form I was more stable than Form II. These studies were necessary to optimize the crystallization process and crystal form controlling. The bulk density which influences significantly the drug loading capacity was clearly developed.

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Who should the elderly borrow money from under formal financial exclusion? Evidence from China

Liu,

Li,

Fang

2024

Economic Analysis and Policy

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The Coexistence and Interaction of Formal and Informal Lending in China— Discussion of the Wenzhou Case

Cited by 7 publications

References 43 publications

Formal vs informal demand for credit by women in urban India: a comparative study in slums of Delhi and Mumbai

Formal vs informal demand for credit by women in urban India: a comparative study in slums of Delhi and Mumbai

Solid‐State and Solution‐Mediated Polymorphic Transformation of Rifampicin

Who should the elderly borrow money from under formal financial exclusion? Evidence from China

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