The cocoa flavanol (−)-epicatechin protects the cortisol response

Ruijters, Erik J.B.; Haenen, Guido R.M.M.; Weseler, Antje R.; Bast, Aalt

doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2013.11.004

Cited by 30 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…HDAC2 has a crucial role not only in glucocorticoid function but also in glucocorticoid-resistant COPD pathogenesis [40]. HDACs are known targets for nitrosative stress [18], oxidative stress [23, 41], and also alkylation by the α,β-unsaturated aldehyde, 4-HNE [19]. In the present studies, we have identified that recombinant HDAC2 can be adducted by acrolein.…”

Section: 0 Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…LPS-induced IL-8 and TNFα expression or secretion is effectively suppressed by hydrocortisone [23, 37]. However, our results demonstrate that acrolein-induced TNFα gene expression is resistant to the suppressive effects of hydrocortisone.…”

Section: 0 Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…For experimentation, cells were differentiated to macrophage-like cells by stimulation with 50 ng/ml phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 4 h at a density of 5 × 10 5 cells/ml according to previous literature [23]. Cells were seeded in 24-well plates at 1 × 10 6 cells/well and allowed to differentiate for 48 h. Prior to treatment, cells were serum-starved overnight in RPMI media.…”

Section: 0 Methods and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The tobacco smoke component acrolein induces glucocorticoid resistant gene expression via inhibition of histone deacetylase

et al. 2016

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the leading cause of cigarette smoke-related death worldwide. Acrolein, a crucial reactive electrophile found in cigarette smoke mimics many of the toxic effects of cigarette smoke-exposure in the lung. In macrophages, cigarette smoke is known to hinder histone deacetylases (HDACs), glucocorticoid-regulated enzymes that play an important role in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid resistant inflammation, a common feature of COPD. Thus, we hypothesize that acrolein plays a role in COPD-associated glucocorticoid resistance. To examine the role of acrolein on glucocorticoid resistance, U937 monocytes, differentiated with PMA to macrophage-like cells were treated with acrolein for 0.5 h followed by stimulation with hydrocortisone for 8 h, or treated simultaneously with LPS and hydrocortisone for 8 h without acrolein. GSH and nuclear HDAC activity were measured, or gene expression was analyzed by qPCR. Acrolein-mediated TNFα gene expression was not suppressed by hydrocortisone whereas LPS-induced TNFα expression was suppressed. Acrolein also significantly inhibited nuclear HDAC activity in macrophage-like cells. Incubation of recombinant HDAC2 with acrolein led to the formation of an HDAC2-acrolein adduct identified by mass spectrometry. Therefore, these results suggest that acrolein-induced inflammatory gene expression is resistant to suppression by the endogenous glucocorticoid, hydrocortisone.

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Section: 0 Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: 0 Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: 0 Methods and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The tobacco smoke component acrolein induces glucocorticoid resistant gene expression via inhibition of histone deacetylase

et al. 2016

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“…Moreover, (-)-epicatechin was recently suggested to enhance the anti-inflammatory effects of the endogenous glucocorticoid cortisol in human macrophage-like cells under oxidative stress [105]. Next to the parent compound also epicatechin phase II metabolites exhibit capacity to preserve the anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol in this model [106].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masquelier’s grape seed extract: from basic flavonoid research to a well-characterized food supplement with health benefits

Weseler¹,

Bast²

2017

Nutr J

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Careful characterization and standardization of the composition of plant-derived food supplements is essential to establish a cause-effect relationship between the intake of that product and its health effect. In this review we follow a specific grape seed extract containing monomeric and oligomeric flavan-3-ols from its creation by Jack Masquelier in 1947 towards a botanical remedy and nutraceutical with proven health benefits. The preparation’s research history parallels the advancing insights in the fields of molecular biology, medicine, plant and nutritional sciences during the last 70 years. Analysis of the extract’s flavanol composition emerged from unspecific colorimetric assays to precise high performance liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance fingerprinting techniques. The early recognition of the preparation’s auspicious effects on the permeability of vascular capillaries directed research to unravel the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. Recent clinical data revealed a multitude of favorable alterations in the vasculature upon an 8 weeks supplementation which summed up in a health benefit of the extract in healthy humans. Changes in gene expression of inflammatory pathways in the volunteers’ leukocytes were suggested to be involved in this benefit. The historically grown scientific evidence for the preparation’s health effects paves the way to further elucidate its metabolic fate and molecular action in humans.

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“…Consumption of foods rich in flavanols, such as green tea and cocoa, is thought to have health benefits, most notably decreased blood pressure and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) . Cocoa is rich in the flavanol isoform (‐)‐epicatechin, and in addition to CVD benefits, has been shown to prevent cortisol resistance and produce anti‐inflammatory and antioxidative effects . Recent studies have demonstrated that cocoa can inhibit activation of trigeminal neurons and modulate expression of proteins in the ganglion and spinal cord implicated in nociception .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cocoa‐enriched diet on orofacial pain in a murine model

Rohrs

Omoto

et al. 2017

Orthod Craniofacial Res

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Structured Abstract Objectives To investigate and discuss the effects of cocoa on orofacial pain. Setting and Sample Population The Department of Orthodontics at the University of Florida (UF). Male and female hairless rats (N=20/group) were tested. Materials and Methods Rats were tested using the Orofacial Pain Assessment Device (OPAD) before and after changing their food from the standard chow to a cocoa-enriched or control-equivalent diet. Results Male rats fed the cocoa diet had a significantly higher operant pain index when tested at 37°C as compared to control diet-fed animals. Female rats on the cocoa diet had a significantly higher pain index when tested at 18°C and 44°C, as compared to animals fed the control diet. Capsaicin-induced pain was inhibited, with cocoa-diet male rats having a significantly higher pain index than control-diet male rats and cocoa-diet female rats at both 37°C and 44°C. Cocoa-diet female rats had a significantly higher pain index at 44°C than control-diet females. Mechanical sensitivity was affected following capsaicin cream, with a significantly decreased tolerated bottle distance in both cocoa- and control-diet animals, but there was no difference between cocoa- and control-diet groups. Conclusion Using the OPAD operant system, we demonstrated that a diet rich in cocoa was effective in inhibiting neurogenic inflammatory pain in rats. This has implications for the use of novel alternative therapies such as diet modification for pain control.

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The cocoa flavanol (−)-epicatechin protects the cortisol response

Cited by 30 publications

References 38 publications

The tobacco smoke component acrolein induces glucocorticoid resistant gene expression via inhibition of histone deacetylase

The tobacco smoke component acrolein induces glucocorticoid resistant gene expression via inhibition of histone deacetylase

Masquelier’s grape seed extract: from basic flavonoid research to a well-characterized food supplement with health benefits

Effects of cocoa‐enriched diet on orofacial pain in a murine model

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