The Cockroach and Allergic Diseases

Sohn, Myung Hyun; Kim, Kyu-Earn

doi:10.4168/aair.2012.4.5.264

Cited by 67 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…ALBORG laboratory AA list have only American cockroach, other cockroach types like: German and Oriental cockroaches have to be added to this list. 12 Pollen distribution pattern in Taif city is predictable especially in asthmatic children with seasonal symptoms except the high prevalence of desert palm pollens 18%. 13 This pattern may be explained by the recent introduction of palm trees in Taif streets, however this is unlikely because palm pollens are heavy and will not cause airborne sensitization easily.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeroallergens sensitization pattern at Taif city: Saudi

Tayeb

2016

Int J Community Med Public Health

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INTRODUCTIONAllergen is an antigen which can provoke type-I hypersensitivity in which there is an overproduction of immunoglobulin type E (IgE) against this triggering allergen. Source of allergens are food and inhalants mainly. Inhalant allergens are like house dust mites, molds, animals and pollens. 1IgE is an antibody that land over the surface of mast cells in a process called sensitization. With the re-exposure to the same allergen, mast cells explode and release a lot of inflammatory mediators that can start the allergic cascade which is associated with the common allergic disorders. Allergic disorders are like: allergic rhinosinusitis, allergic conjunctivitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, urticaria and angioedema, food allergy and drug allergy.Unfortunately, many patients with allergies are underdiagnosed. While, others are overdiagnosed and take a lot of unnecessary medications for other diagnosis. Additionally, many patients diagnose allergies by themselves. Hence, performing allergy testing is a crucial step for establishing the triggering factors of these allergic disorders. It's an important practice to connect between the positive allergy test results and the appearance of allergic symptoms immediately after the exposure to allergen. If both are positive this is called an allergy and avoidance advice should be given to patients. However, if allergy test is positive while no clinical support this is called atopy with no need to give an avoidance advice. 4 Specific IgE tests (sIgE) to diagnose AA are in vivo skin prick test (SPT) and in vitro blood tests. In vivo SPT is the more sensitive than RAST in detecting positive AA ABSTRACT Background: Taif city is an agricultural area with high altitude. Sensitization to aeroallergens (AA) in Taif city is not identified. Methods: This study is a retrospective evaluation of a specific IgE (sIgE) blood results to AA of 149 patients. The study group was chosen from all age groups referred to AL BORG laboratory complaining of allergic diseases with expected sensitization to AA in Taif city, starting from January up to December in the year 2013. Results: The commonest AA distributions in Taif city were to indoor AA followed by pollens. The indoor AA is dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 26%, dermatophagoides farina 25%, american cockroach 22% and cat epithelia/hair 21% respectively. While, the pollens are dessert palm pollens 18%, timothy grass 18%, rye grass 17%, bermuda grass 15%, ambrosia 15%, acacia 15%. Conclusions: Indoor followed by pollen AAs are the commonest sensitization pattern at Taif city. This pattern is compatible with worldwide literature except for high percentage of desert palm pollens which is an amazing result that needs a further evaluation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeroallergens sensitization pattern at Taif city: Saudi

Tayeb

2016

Int J Community Med Public Health

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“…6 Indeed, the majority of school-aged children and adults with asthma have concomitant allergic sensitization; cockroach allergens are detectable in 85% of inner-city US homes, and 60% to 80% of inner-city children with asthma are sensitized to cockroach. 7,8 Our recent study identified a functional interaction between MRC1 and cockroach allergens in fibrocytes. 9 However, the role of MRC1 in cockroach allergen–induced inflammation and its signaling transduction is poorly understood.…”

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confidence: 95%

Mannose receptor modulates macrophage polarization and allergic inflammation through miR-511-3p

Zhou

Danh

Ishmael

et al. 2018

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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Background Mannose receptor (MRC1/CD206) has been suggested to mediate allergic sensitization and asthma to multiple glycoallergens, including cockroach allergens. Objective We sought to determine the existence of a protective mechanism through which MRC1 limits allergic inflammation through its intronic miR-511-3p. Methods We examined MRC1-mediated cockroach allergen uptake by lung macrophages and lung inflammation using C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and Mrc1−/− mice. The role of miR-511-3p in macrophage polarization and cockroach allergen–induced lung inflammation in mice transfected with adeno-associated virus (AAV)–miR-511-3p (AAV– cytomegalovirus–miR-511-3p–enhanced green fluorescent protein) was analyzed. Gene profiling of macrophages with or without miR-511-3p overexpression was also performed. Results Mrc1−/− lung macrophages showed a significant reduction in cockroach allergen uptake compared with WT mice, and Mrc1−/− mice had an exacerbated lung inflammation with increased levels of cockroach allergen–specific IgE and TH2/TH17 cytokines in a cockroach allergen–induced mouse model compared with WT mice. Macrophages from Mrc1−/− mice showed significantly reduced levels of miR-511-3 and an M1 phenotype, whereas overexpression of miR-511-3p rendered macrophages to exhibit a M2 phenotype. Furthermore, mice transfected with AAV–miR-511-3p showed a significant reduction in cockroach allergen–induced inflammation. Profiling of macrophages with or without miR-511-3p overexpression identified 729 differentially expressed genes, wherein expression of prostaglandin D2 synthase (Ptgds) and its product PGD2 were significantly downregulated by miR-511-3p. Ptgds showed a robust binding to miR-511-3p, which might contribute to the protective effect of miR-511-3p. Plasma levels of miR-511-3p were significantly lower in human asthmatic patients compared with nonasthmatic subjects. Conclusion These studies support a critical but previously unrecognized role of MRC1 and miR-511-3p in protection against allergen-induced lung inflammation.

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“…In studies comprising children and adults, the prevalence of cockroach allergy ranges from 17-41% in the United States (6, 7). Cockroach allergens are detected in 85% of inner-city US homes and 60–80% of inner-city children with asthma are sensitized to cockroach based on the skin prick testing (8). The levels of cockroach allergens measure in the home of these children are strongly associated with a greater risk for the development of cockroach sensitization (9, 10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cockroach allergen exposure and risk of asthma

Danh

Zhao

Gao

2016

Allergy

133

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Cockroach sensitization is an important risk factor for the development of asthma. However, its underlying immune mechanisms and the genetic etiology for differences in allergic responses remain unclear. Cockroach allergens identification and their expression as biologically active recombinant proteins has provided a basis for studying the mechanisms regarding cockroach allergens induced allergic sensitization and asthma. Glycans in allergens may play a crucial role in the immunogenicity of allergic diseases. Protease-activated receptor (PAR)-2, Toll-like receptor (TLR), and C-type lectin receptors have been suggested to be important for the penetration of cockroach allergens through epithelial cells to mediate allergen uptake, dendritic cell maturation, antigen presenting cell (APC) function in T cell polarization, and cytokine production. Environmental pollutants, which often co-exist with the allergen, could synergistically elicit allergic inflammation, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation and signaling may serve as a link between these two elements. Genetic factors may also play an important role in conferring the susceptibility to cockroach sensitization. Several genes have been associated with cockroach sensitization and asthma-related phenotypes. In this review, we will discuss the epidemiological evidence for cockroach allergen-induced asthma, cockroach allergens, the mechanisms regarding cockroach allergens induced innate immune responses, and the genetic basis for cockroach sensitization.

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The Cockroach and Allergic Diseases

Cited by 67 publications

References 57 publications

Aeroallergens sensitization pattern at Taif city: Saudi

Aeroallergens sensitization pattern at Taif city: Saudi

Mannose receptor modulates macrophage polarization and allergic inflammation through miR-511-3p

Cockroach allergen exposure and risk of asthma

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