“…The fabrication of such membranes was achieved by coating a number of materials such as metal meshes, sponges, polymers, metal oxides, and many others. Chemical and electrical depositions, in addition to hydrothermal reaction pathways, were reported with many challenges ranging from the need for specialized equipment, to the use of toxic reagents and time-consuming procedures [ 44 ]. Accordingly, and in an effort to overcome such complexity, graphene and its derivatives have been vastly investigated [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ].…”