The CO removal performances of Cr-free Fe/Ni catalysts for high temperature WGSR under LNG reformate condition without additional steam

The effect of Zn addition into NiFe2O4 catalyst for high-temperature shift reaction of natural gas reformate assuming no external steam addition

“…The feed composition for the HTS reaction (H 2 (56.7 vol.%), CO (10 vol.%), CO 2 (6.7 vol.%) and H 2 O (26.7 vol.%)) was based on the steam methane reformate under the assumption of 100% CH 4 conversion at H 2 O/CH 4 ¼ 3 without the addition of steam [14,37,38]. With this gas composition, the R factor was 2, and the theoretical conversion of CO by the WGSR was calculated to be 65% [14,37,38].…”

“…With this gas composition, the R factor was 2, and the theoretical conversion of CO by the WGSR was calculated to be 65% [14,37,38]. Each gas was controlled by a mass flow controller (5850E, Brooks) with the exception of steam, which was fed with vaporization of water (160 C) injected at 13.3 ml/min through a syringe pump (KDS100, KD Scientific).…”

“…However, as the catalyst contained nickel oxide as a component, it showed a drawback that methanation occurred during its HTS catalysis [14]. In this study, Zn was added to a Ni/Fe catalyst to restrain methanation and increase HTS activity.…”

“…In the HTS reaction, the most well-known inverse-spinel oxide, Fe 3 O 4 (magnetite), is known to be catalytically active but easily deactivated through thermal agglomeration [14]. Chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ) is usually introduced to retard the thermal sintering of Fe 3 O 4 ; consequently, some commercialized HTS catalysts are structured on the basis of Cr/Fe entities [15].…”

“…Therefore, the development of a robust catalyst for HTS processes under highly reductive, natural gas reformates with no external stream addition is necessary. Under the assumption of a no-additional-steam WGSR operation, a natural gas reformate, which this study deals with, is more reductive than those of any other hydrocarbon reformates because, with no-additional-steam added, the R factor reaches R ¼ 2 when the steam reforming progresses with 100% CH 4 conversion at a H 2 O/CH 4 ratio of 3 [14].…”