The clinical significance of lymph node metastases in patients undergoing surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma

Microwave radiation was used as the sole heating source to achieve liquefaction of Central European hardwoods, with glycols and organic acid anhydrides, using phosphoric acid as the acid catalyst. Pulsed microwaves of 300–700 W power were applied for 5–20 min. The efficiency of liquefaction increased with higher microwave power, longer radiation time, and higher phosphoric acid addition. With minor amounts of added acid it was possible to achieve complete liquefaction in 20 min. The method was tested for different hardwood types, with a series of glycols and anhydrides, and was found to be generally applicable. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101:1051–1056, 2006

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“…10,12,16 The biologic characteristics of LNM need to be studied to develop more effective or optimal treatment modalities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two pathologic types of hepatocellular carcinoma with lymph node metastasis with distinct prognosis on the basis of CK19 expression in tumor

Zhuang

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2008

Cancer

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“…The patients with macroscopic portal vein invasion, microscopic vascular invasion, intrahepatic metastasis, poor differentiation, pleomorphism, sarcomatous change, vascular lake, and angiographic condensed pooling were more frequently found to have extremely poor prognosis [54] . The prognosis of patients with lymph nodal metastasis from HCC is generally poor, even if hepatic resection with regional LN dissection is performed [52,55] .…”

Section: Venous Invasion and Intra-or Extrahepatic Spreadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Portal vein invasion (Vp) and intrahepatic metastasis (IM) strongly reflect the invasiveness of HCC, and are predictive factors for recurrence and prognosis after resection of HCC [53] . Lymph nodal metastasis is one independent predictor for poor outcome [55] . A new score system, the Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP) score, recently is proposed, which includes the parameters involved in the Child-Pugh stage, plus macroscopic tumor morphology, AFP levels, and the presence or absence of portal thrombosis.…”

Section: Clinical Stagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prognostic significance of clinical and pathological features in hepatocellular carcinoma

Qin¹,

Tang²

2002

WJG

160

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The prognosis of patients with HCC still remains dismal. The life expectancy of HCC patients is hard to predict because of the high possibility of postoperative recurrence. Many factors, s u c h a s p a t i e n t ' s g e n e r a l c o n d i t i o n s , macroscopic tumor morphology, as well as tumor hitopathology features, have been proven of prognostic significance. Female HCC patient often has a better prognosis than male patient, which might be due to the receptor of sex hormones. Younger patients often have tumors with higher invasiveness and metastatic potentials, and their survival and prognosis are w o r s e t h a n t h e o l d e r o n e s . C o -e x i s t i n g hepatitis status and hepatic functional reserve h a v e b e e n c o n f i r m e d a s r i s k f a c t o r s f o r recurrence. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is useful not only for diagnosis, but also as a prognostic indicator for HCC patients. AFP mRNA has been proposed as a predictive marker of HCC cells disseminated into the circulation and for metastatic recurrence. Many pathologic features, such as tumor size, number, capsule state, cell differentiation, venous invasion, intrahepatic spreading, and a d v a n c e d p T N M s t a g e , a r e t h e b e s testablished risk factors for recurrence and important aspects affecting the prognosis of patients with HCC. Marked inflammatory cell infiltration in the tumor could predict a better prognosis. Clinical stage is still the most important factor influencing on the prognosis. E x t r a t u m o r s p r e a d i n g a n d l y m p h n o d a l metastasis are independent predictors for poor outcome. Some new predictive systems h a v e r e c e n t l y b e e n p r o p o s e d . D i f f e r e n t strategies of treatment might have significant different effects on the patients' prognosis. To date, surgical resection is still the only p o t e n t i a l l y c u r a t i v e t r e a t m e n t f o r H C C , including localized postoperative recurrences. Extent of resection, blood transfusion, occlusion of porta hepatis, and blood loss affect the survival and prognosis of HCC patients. Regional therapies provide alternative ways to improve the prognosis of HCC patients who have no opportunity to receive surgical treatment or postoperative recurrence. The combination of these treatment modalities is hopeful to further improve the prognosis. The efficacies of neoadjuvant (preoperative) or adjuvant (postoperative) chemotherapy or chemoembolization in preventing recurrence and on the HCC prognosis still remain great controversy, and deserves further evaluation. Biotherapy, including IFN-alpha therapy, will play more important role in preventing recurrence and metastasis of HCC after operation.Qin LX,Tang ZY.The prognostic significance of clinical and pathological features in hepatocellular carcinoma.

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“…Surgical resection (14) and radiation (15) have been considered treatments for recurrent lymph node metastasis of HCC after partial hepatectomy if the lymph node metastasis is solitary. In this case, HAIC was selected as the treatment for HCC in accordance with consensus-based treatment algorithm for HCC proposed by the Japan Society of Hepatology (16), because our patient had advanced HCC with major portal vein tumor thrombosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rare Case of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Accompanied by Metastasis of a Cervical Lymph Node

et al. 2012

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Metastasis to lymph nodes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is generally observed to occur in regional chains of involvement. We encountered a HCC patient who had hepatitis C virus-related liver cirrhosis and portal vein tumor thrombosis, accompanied by metastasis to only a single cervical lymph node, skipping the common intermediate routes of involvement. It is noteworthy, so as not to miss the clinical diagnosis, to remark that metastasis to the cervical lymph node is rarely observed in patients with HCC, and that the metastasis can skip to the regional lymph nodes.

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The clinical significance of lymph node metastases in patients undergoing surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma

Cited by 62 publications

References 13 publications

Two pathologic types of hepatocellular carcinoma with lymph node metastasis with distinct prognosis on the basis of CK19 expression in tumor

Two pathologic types of hepatocellular carcinoma with lymph node metastasis with distinct prognosis on the basis of CK19 expression in tumor

The prognostic significance of clinical and pathological features in hepatocellular carcinoma

A Rare Case of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Accompanied by Metastasis of a Cervical Lymph Node

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