The clinical observation of a patient with common variable immunodeficiency diagnosed as having coronavirus disease 2019

Fill, Lauren; Hadney, Lauren; Graven, Kelsey; Persaud, Roberta; Hostoffer, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.anai.2020.04.033

Cited by 44 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…There were 3 reports 22 - 24 describing a total of 10 COVID-19 patients with pre-existing PAD (Table 1 ). Of these, 6 patients had common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), 3 had X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) due to loss-of-function mutations in the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK), and 1 patient had autosomal recessive agammaglobulinemia (ARA), the etiology of which is unknown.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients with Pre-existing, Compromised Immune Systems: A Review of Case Reports

Dayan¹,

Kersten²,

Battaglia³

et al. 2020

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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In the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, all COVID-19 patients are naïve patients as it is the first-time humans have been exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. As with exposure to many viruses, individuals with pre-existing, compromised immune systems may be at increased risk of developing severe symptoms and/or dying because of (SARS-CoV-2) infection. To learn more about such individuals, we conducted a search and review of published reports on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with pre-existing, compromised immune systems. Here we present our review of patients who possess pre-existing primary antibody deficiency (PAD) and those who are organ transplant recipients on maintenance immunosuppressants. Our review indicates different clinical outcomes for the patients with pre-existing PAD, depending on the underlying causes. For organ transplant recipients, drug-induced immune suppression alone does not appear to enhance COVID-19 mortality risk - rather, advanced age, comorbidities, and the development of secondary complications appears required.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients with Pre-existing, Compromised Immune Systems: A Review of Case Reports

Dayan¹,

Kersten²,

Battaglia³

et al. 2020

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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“…Although immunodeficiency is described as a risk factor for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), limited data are available regarding CVID. Of note, 3 recent reports describe mostly positive outcomes in patients with CVID who were diagnosed as having COVID-19, 1 , 2 , 3 with only 1 fatality. 3 All these patients had adequate immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 3 All these patients had adequate immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis. 1 , 2 , 3 We present a case of a patient with a history of CVID and severely low IgG levels owing to a lapse in immunoglobulin replacement therapy, who died of complications related to COVID-19 despite receiving convalescent plasma and high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, in the other reports of patients with CVID recovering from COVID-19, all of them had been receiving regular immunoglobulin replacement therapy preceding the COVID-19 diagnosis. The 2 patients who received IVIG did so early in their COVID-19 course, 1 , 2 suggesting that IVIG is more efficacious if administered early and in the setting of replete IgG levels. The single reported case of fatality was not noted to have received any antibody-containing products.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A fatal case of coronavirus disease 2019 in a patient with common variable immunodeficiency

Mullur

Wang

Feldweg

2021

Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology

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Chronic urticaria has detrimental effects on the quality of life and mental health, whereas psychiatric comorbidities could aggravate urticaria activity, which, in turn, results in a vicious circle. More importantly, the needs for disease control remain largely unmet in chronic urticaria, because a substantial number of patients benefit little from H 1 antihistamines. 7 Consequently, research for novel mechanisms involved in the neuroimmune inflammation in urticaria is needed, because it will enlighten the development of new therapeutic strategies for patients with unsatisfied disease control and impaired quality of life. Admittedly, we realized that a social stressor is not the Achilles' heel of urticaria, because it only contributed to approximately 20% of the total effect. In addition, we observed no significant correlation between income loss and the total score of the UAS partly because of the lack of associations of income loss with the frequency of itch and severity of wheals. This might introduce additional measurement errors and conceal the true effect toward null. Another possible explanation is the effect modification by SES. A study found that lower SES was associated with a larger increase in perceived stress and higher levels of interleukin-6 in survivors who experienced a disaster, indicating that individuals from different SES backgrounds respond differently to stressors both psychosocially and biologically. 8 In conclusion, during this pandemic period, dermatologists and psychologists can work together and remotely to identify the patients who have experienced loss of income and social distancing and to provide personalized care to minimize the adverse outcomes of urticaria and many other allergic diseases.

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“…The behavior of COVID-19 in patients with IEI might help dissect the immune response to SARS-Cov2. A few cases of adults with COVID-19 and predominantly antibody deficiencies have been reported 3,4 ; some of them developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), while some had a milder course of illness. Based on what we know, innate immune defects in genes involved in type 1 interferon response (such as IRF7, IRF9, TLR3) are the most likely candidates to result in severe disease and death in patients with flu-like virus infection 5 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A male infant with COVID-19 in the context of ARPC1B combined deficiency

Jaramillo

Nakashimada²,

Mendoza

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The clinical observation of a patient with common variable immunodeficiency diagnosed as having coronavirus disease 2019

Cited by 44 publications

References 6 publications

Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients with Pre-existing, Compromised Immune Systems: A Review of Case Reports

Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients with Pre-existing, Compromised Immune Systems: A Review of Case Reports

A fatal case of coronavirus disease 2019 in a patient with common variable immunodeficiency

A male infant with COVID-19 in the context of ARPC1B combined deficiency

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