The Clinical Implications of Fatty Pancreas: A Concise Review

Khoury, Tawfik; Asombang, Akwi W.; Berzin, Tyler M.; Cohen, Jonah; Pleskow, Douglas K.; Mizrahi, Meir

doi:10.1007/s10620-017-4700-1

Cited by 51 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…This may have caused some data bias. Finally, the proportion of fatty pancreas in patients with NAFLD is higher than that in normal patients [34], and fatty pancreas may have an impact on AP. However, our study was a retrospective research, so we cannot be access to the data of fatty pancreas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Aggravated the Severity of Acute Pancreatitis in Patients

Zhang

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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Background and Aim The incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as a metabolic disease is increasing annually. In the present study, we aimed to explore the influence of NAFLD on the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods The severity of AP was diagnosed and analyzed according to the 2012 revised Atlanta Classification. Outcome variables, including the severity of AP, organ failure (all types of organ failure), and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), were compared for patients with and without NAFLD. Results Six hundred and fifty-six patients were enrolled in the study and were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of NAFLD. The non-NAFLD group contained 278 patients and the main etiology in this group was gallstone. The NAFLD group consisted of 378 patients and the main etiology was hyperlipidemia. The incidence of mild AP, moderately severe AP, and severe AP was 77.30%, 18.3%, and 4.3% in the non-NAFLD group and 58.2%, 33.9%, and 7.9% in the NAFLD group, respectively. There were significant differences between the two groups according to the severity of AP (P ≤ 0.001). In addition, the Ranson and BISAP scores as well as the incidence of SIRS and organ failure in the NAFLD group were higher than those in the non-NAFLD group (all P < 0.05). The patients were further divided into non-NAFLD, mild-NAFLD, and moderate-severe NAFLD (M+S-NAFLD) groups. The results showed that the severity of AP increased gradually from the non-NAFLD group to the M+S-NAFLD group. In addition, the incidence rates of SIRS and organ failure showed an upward trend with the aggravation of fatty liver severity. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that patients with NAFLD, especially those with M+S-NAFLD, had higher risks of SIRS and organ failure. Conclusions Compared with non-NAFLD, NAFLD has a clinically relevant impact on the severity of AP and may be an early prognostic parameter for patients with AP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Aggravated the Severity of Acute Pancreatitis in Patients

Zhang

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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“…The definition of fatty pancreas differs among previous studies, and there is no generally accepted definition [9, 15]. The normal echogenicity of the pancreas is similar to that of the normal liver [16].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of fatty pancreas and lifestyle on the development of subclinical chronic pancreatitis in healthy people undergoing a medical checkup

Fujii

Ohno

Yamada

et al. 2019

Environ Health Prev Med

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BackgroundAlthough fat accumulation in human organs is associated with a variety of diseases, there is little evidence about the effect of a fatty pancreas on the development of subclinical chronic pancreatitis over the clinical course.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study from 2008 to 2014 of patients who underwent a medical checkup consultation for fat accumulated in the pancreas. Patients included in the analysis were divided into a non-fatty pancreas group (n = 9710) and fatty pancreas group (n = 223). The primary end point was the odds ratio (OR) for chronic pancreatitis associated with fatty pancreas, which was diagnosed using ultrasonography. We used a multiple logistic regression model to estimate the OR and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsNinety-two people were diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis, including both presumptive and definitive diagnoses. Twelve people were diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis by ultrasonography among the 223 patients with fatty pancreas, and 80 patients among 9710 were diagnosed with non-fatty pancreas. The crude OR was 6.85 (95% CI 3.68, 12.75), and the multiple adjusted OR was 3.96 (95% CI 2.04, 7.66).ConclusionsFat accumulation in the pancreas could be a risk factor for developing subclinical chronic pancreatitis.

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“…Lipids accumulation, or simply deregulation in their storage/consumption, may contribute to the defective immunity of CF patients. Literature evidence reports dyslipidemia in CF patients, measured both in blood and peripheral organs [ 2 , 81 , 82 ]. We conclude that more attention should be devoted to the alteration of lipid metabolism in CF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cystic Fibrosis Defective Response to Infection Involves Autophagy and Lipid Metabolism

Mingione

Ottaviano

Barcella

et al. 2020

Cells

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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary disease, with 70% of patients developing a proteinopathy related to the deletion of phenylalanine 508. CF is associated with multiple organ dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and recurrent lung infections. CF is characterized by defective autophagy, lipid metabolism, and immune response. Intracellular lipid accumulation favors microbial infection, and autophagy deficiency impairs internalized pathogen clearance. Myriocin, an inhibitor of sphingolipid synthesis, significantly reduces inflammation, promotes microbial clearance in the lungs, and induces autophagy and lipid oxidation. RNA-seq was performed in Aspergillusfumigatus-infected and myriocin-treated CF patients’ derived monocytes and in a CF bronchial epithelial cell line. Fungal clearance was also evaluated in CF monocytes. Myriocin enhanced CF patients’ monocytes killing of A. fumigatus. CF patients’ monocytes and cell line responded to infection with a profound transcriptional change; myriocin regulates genes that are involved in inflammation, autophagy, lipid storage, and metabolism, including histones and heat shock proteins whose activity is related to the response to infection. We conclude that the regulation of sphingolipid synthesis induces a metabolism drift by promoting autophagy and lipid consumption. This process is driven by a transcriptional program that corrects part of the differences between CF and control samples, therefore ameliorating the infection response and pathogen clearance in the CF cell line and in CF peripheral blood monocytes.

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The Clinical Implications of Fatty Pancreas: A Concise Review

Cited by 51 publications

References 106 publications

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Aggravated the Severity of Acute Pancreatitis in Patients

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Aggravated the Severity of Acute Pancreatitis in Patients

Impact of fatty pancreas and lifestyle on the development of subclinical chronic pancreatitis in healthy people undergoing a medical checkup

Cystic Fibrosis Defective Response to Infection Involves Autophagy and Lipid Metabolism

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