The clinical efficacy of surgical interventions for empty nose syndrome: A systematic review

Abstract

Surgical intervention for ENS appears to result in clinical improvement, although not all patients derived benefit. Long-term follow-up should be considered utilizing using both subjective (SNOT-25) and objective (rhinomanometry) measures of clinical outcome.

Evaluation of depression and anxiety in empty nose syndrome after surgical treatment

“…The reason for the significant improvement in psychological symptoms may be due to the improvement in “dyspnea sensation” after surgery. In ENS patients, thermoreceptors fail to be stimulated by airflow due to poor nasal air conditioning, resulting in the sensation of nasal congestion and shortness of breath . ENS patients at rest had been presented with temporal and cerebellar activation similar to experiments involving respiratory distress and air hunger during CO 2 inhalation, respectively .…”

“…ENS patients at rest had been presented with temporal and cerebellar activation similar to experiments involving respiratory distress and air hunger during CO 2 inhalation, respectively . This abnormal signaling to the brain may produce the constant feeling of respiratory distress in ENS patients, leading to functional impairment such as distraction, chronic fatigue, frustration, irritability, depression, and anxiety . Thus, it is reasonable that improvement in “dyspnea sensation” after surgical intervention would change not only anatomical figures but the abnormal brain signals, resulting in improvement in mental status.…”

“…A cotton test is useful for diagnosis and surgical planning . The most common surgical intervention involves an implant, either a biosynthetic or autologous graft, secured within a submucosal pocket, which appears to result in clinical improvement …”

Empty nose syndrome: A literature review

“…Snot-20 модифицировали, добавили 5 пунктов, специфич-ных для СПН [29]. Средний показатель Snot-25 при СПН выше, чем при полипозном и хроническом ри-носинусите, что может указывать на большую пси-хологическую и функциональную нагрузку пациен-тов [29].…”

“…Согласно S. Leong [29], методы оценки хирурги-ческого лечения СПН имеют низкий уровень дока-зательности. Около 20% пациентов, перенесших операцию, отмечают субъективное улучшение.…”