The Clinical Application Of Platelet Concentrates: A Systematic Meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Autologous plasma rich in platelets is derived blood product whose uses in dentistry dates back to the 1990s and it has been gaining popularity ever since.Aim: A systematic review of the available literature to determine the efficacy, safety and success of platelet concentrates in physiological systems as well as describing its vigilant use. Study design and methods:A Medline search with keywords 'platelet rich plasma dental' further filtered using Boolean operators (AND, Or, NOt) and combination of specific keywords as follows: 'platelet rich fibrin', 'platelet rich plasma regenerative', 'platelet rich plasma periodontal', 'platelet rich plasma extraction' with a custom range of 10 years was performed, which yielded 88 results out of which 32 were selected based on the inclusion criteria.Results: Significantly, successful outcomes have been witnessed in the field of osteoregeneration though it has been evidenced that adequate platelet rich plasma (PrP) additives are essential to bear a therapeutic potential. Favoring blood cell adhesion on the root surface optimizing periodontal healing, PrP has also shown positive effect on gingival repair; though controversial facts have also been reported. In the scope of implant dentistry, PrP has also reported greater implant-bone contact when used in both gel or liquid form. Emerging as a possible pulp capping agent along with properties of decreased chances root growth, PrP has successfully completed apexogenesis in cases of pulpotomy.research has shown that although clinical results from the comparison of PrP alone vs PrP and resorbable membrane or various graft materials has shown a varied results, additional research in the field is needed. Conclusion:Platelet rich plasma has shown promising results in the field of regenerative dentistry, with high success rate in implantology, periodontology and oral surgery. Because of conflicting success rates reported in literature further research is warrented. Clinical implication:Platelet rich fibrin has displayed various features of rapid clinical healing, excellent bone density, less surgical time, less resorption during healing and decreased postoperative pain, as compared to guided bone regeneration procedures. Platelet rich plasma has also shown a myriad of applications ranging from hard tissue regeneration to soft tissue management, stretching across to the field of pediatric dentistry and endodontics.