The clinical and immunological features of pediatric COVID-19 patients in China

Chen, Juan; Zhang, Zhenzhen; Chen, Yao-Kai; Long, Quanxin; Tian, Weizhong; Deng, Haijun; Hu, Jieli; Zhang, Xianxiang; Pu-Liao,; Xiang, Junyi; Wang, Daoxin; Hu, Ping; Zhou, Fachun; Li, Zhijie; Xu, Hongmei; Cai, Xue-Fei; Wang, Deqiang; Hu, Yuan; Tang, Ni; Liu, Beizhong; Wu, Guicheng; Huang, Ailong

doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2020.03.008

Cited by 73 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Among 27 included studies, 21 were from China [8,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], two each from Italy [30,31] and the Republic of Korea [32,33], and one each from the United States of America [4], and Spain [34]. Among the included studies, five were good, thirteen were fair, and nine were of poor quality as assessed by the Newcastle Ottawa scale [7].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A significant proportion (9-25%) of the cases had raised inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin). From the 15 studies which reported data on organ dysfunction, seven patients had acute kidney injury and deranged liver function was documented in 10-15% of patients [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]18,[20][21][22][23]27,28,30]. Thirteen studies reported data on radiological imaging (X-ray, Computerized tomography scan), and the common radiological findings on CT scan were ground-glass opacity (41%) and consolidation (16%) [12,[14][15][16][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]28,29,32].…”

Section: Laboratory and Radiological Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Outcomes: Due to low event rate of outcome in studies we did not meta-analyze this data. Mortality data was provided in twenty-two studies (4476 patients) and overall, five deaths have been reported [4,8,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][18][19][20][21][24][25][26][27][28]30,[32][33][34] in these studies. Nineteen studies [4,[10][11][12][13][14]16,[18][19][20][21][22]24,25,27,[30][31][32]34] reported details on hospital stay in 1670 children and of these 35 (2.1%) patients required intensive care support for management and mechanical ventilator support was needed for twelve patients (0.7%).…”

Section: Laboratory and Radiological Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean (SD) age of the participants was 6.4 (3.4) years (reported in eight studies) whereas the range varied from one month to 19 years. Twenty-three studies[8,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][27][28][29][30][31][32]34] (1777 patients) reported separate data for gender; 1014 (57%) of all the patients were male. Twenty-three studies[4,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][27][28][29][30][31][32]34] described the frequency of specific symptoms in patients, of which only seventeen reported disease severity.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Clinical Features and Outcome of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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W ith the rapidly evolving severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-Cov-2) pandemic, the knowledge about the disease manifestations and severity has also evolved quickly. Due to its resemblance to SARS, influenza, and other respiratory viruses, children were initially thought to be more susceptible than adults. However, less than 5% of total coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases belong to the pediatric age group, and the severity has been milder as compared to adults [3,4]. Information regarding clinical manifestations and outcomes of COVID-19 in adults is available due to a huge number of reported cases, but the scenario for the pediatric population is different as our knowledge about clinical and laboratory characteristics as well as prognosis of COVID-19 is very limited. Due to this difference in the manifestations of COVID-19 among pediatric patients from adults, there is a need to clarify the disease manifestations and course among children. We performed this systematic review to synthesize the information on clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and outcome of COVID-19 among the pediatric population.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laboratory and Radiological Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laboratory and Radiological Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Features and Outcome of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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“…However, studies performed in pediatric patients with COVID-19 with cardiovascular complications, report the laboratory profile (cardiac enzymes, coagulation status) being within the normal reference range ( Chen J. et al, 2020 ; Wang Z. et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Covid-19 and The Cardiovascular Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Complications in COVID-19

Petrović

Radenković

et al. 2020

Front. Physiol.

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Numerous recent studies have shown that patients with underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD) are at increased risk of more severe clinical course as well as mortality of COVID-19. Also, the available data suggests that COVID-19 is related to numerous de novo cardiovascular complications especially in the older population and those with pre-existing chronic cardiometabolic conditions. SARS-CoV-2 virus can cause acute cardiovascular injury, as well as increase the risk of chronic cardiovascular damage. As CVD seem to be the major comorbidity in critically unwell patients with COVID-19 and patients often die of cardiovascular complications, we review the literature and discuss the possible pathophysiology and molecular pathways driving these disease processes: cytokine release syndrome, RAAS system dysregulation, plaque destabilization and coagulation disorders with the aim to identify novel treatment targets. In addition, we review the pediatric population, the major cause of the cardiovascular complications is pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome that is believed to be associated with COVID-19 infection. Due to the increasingly recognized CVD damage in COVID-19, there is a need to establish clear clinical and follow-up protocols and to identify and treat possible comorbidities that may be risk factors for the development of cardiovascular complications.

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Illuminating the immunopathology of SARS‐CoV‐2

Saksena

Chattopadhyay

2021

Cytometry Part B Clinical

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Over a remarkably short period of time, a great deal of knowledge about severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV2) infection has been acquired, through the focused and cooperative effort of the international scientific community. Much has become known about how the immune response is coordinated to fight infection, and how it becomes dysregulated in severe disease. In this review, we take an in‐depth look at the many immune features associated with the host response to SARS‐CoV2, as well as those that appear to mark severe disease.

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The clinical and immunological features of pediatric COVID-19 patients in China

Cited by 73 publications

References 13 publications

Clinical Features and Outcome of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Clinical Features and Outcome of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Complications in COVID-19

Illuminating the immunopathology of SARS‐CoV‐2

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