“…1 Based on the histologic findings of fully developed lesions, the presence of vessel damage, including swelling of endothelial cells, fibrinoid necrosis, a predominantly neutrophilic perivascular infiltrate with nuclear debris, and extravasated red blood cells, has been regarded as the histologic criterion for differentiating this disorder from urticaria. 1,2 However, because skin biopsy specimens of urticarial vasculitis are routinely prepared from the fully developed lesions and the early lesions have not been examined histologically, the key biological events leading to the development of leukocytoclastic vasculitis remain unknown. This is probably due to the paucity of patients in whom characteristic lesions of urticarial vasculitis can be reproduced by physical challenge, 3 despite sporadic case reports of urticarial vasculitis induced by administration of drugs 4 and by exposure to a cold stimulus.…”