The Climatological Impacts of Continental Surface Evaporation, Rainout, and Subcloud Processes on <i>δ</i>D of Water Vapor and Precipitation in Europe

Christner, Emanuel; Aemisegger, Franziska; Werner, Martin; Cauquoin, Alexandre; Schneider, Mat­thias; Hase, Frank; Barthlott, Sabine; Schädler, Gerd

doi:10.1002/2017jd027260

Cited by 31 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…For this kind of forward‐modeling of proxy records, a realistic model of the proxy is required, which is certainly a bottleneck. Some type of proxy forward models may require only seasonal means of meteorological variables as input, but other types, such as oxygen stable isotopes in ice cores, require a full incorporation of an isotope enabled module in the climate model . This requires in turn the driving fields (e.g., isotope concentrations at the model boundaries) that have to be provided by the global model.…”

Section: Perspectivessupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Some type of proxy forward models may require only seasonal means of meteorological variables as input, but other types, such as oxygen stable isotopes in ice cores, require a full incorporation of an isotope enabled module in the climate model. 99 This requires in turn the driving fields (e.g., isotope concentrations at the model boundaries) that have to be provided by the global model. Despite the technical complexity, this approach is in general more accurate, in particular when the link between the proxy record and climate is strongly nonlinear or strongly depends on the background climate state.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives of regional paleoclimate modeling

Ludwig

Gómez-Navarro

Pinto

et al. 2018

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Regional climate modeling bridges the gap between the coarse resolution of current global climate models and the regional-to-local scales, where the impacts of climate change are of primary interest. Here, we present a review of the added value of the regional climate modeling approach within the scope of paleoclimate research and discuss the current major challenges and perspectives. Two time periods serve as an example: the Holocene, including the Last Millennium, and the Last Glacial Maximum. Reviewing the existing literature reveals the benefits of regional paleo climate modeling, particularly over areas with complex terrain. However, this depends largely on the variable of interest, as the added value of regional modeling arises from a more realistic representation of physical processes and climate feedbacks compared to global climate models, and this affects different climate variables in various ways. In particular, hydrological processes have been shown to be better represented in regional models, and they can deliver more realistic meteorological data to drive ice sheet and glacier modeling. Thus, regional climate models provide a clear benefit to answer fundamental paleoclimate research questions and may be key to advance a meaningful joint interpretation of climate model and proxy data.

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Section: Perspectivessupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of regional paleoclimate modeling

Ludwig

Gómez-Navarro

Pinto

et al. 2018

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…Here we limited the evaluation to GNIP measurements in precipitation, and therefore cannot completely rule out compensating errors of different fractionation processes. However, Christner et al (2018) validated a similar climatological simulation with COSMOiso over Europe against measurements in water vapour as well as GNIP measurements and found that the model reproduces δ 2 H in water vapour even more accurately than δ 2 H from the GNIP measurements. Thus, we are confident that COSMOiso represents the influence of the different meteorological processes on δ 2 H in a realistic way.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moore et al (2014) used the isotope version of the System for Atmospheric Modeling (IsoSAM; Blossey et al, 2010) to determine the relative importance of moisture convergence and rain evaporation and equilibration for the amount effect (i.e. decreasing δ 2 H and δ 18 O with increasing precipitation amount) in an idealized simulation, and Christner et al (2018) used the isotope version of the Consortium for Small-Scale Modelling (COSMOiso; Pfahl et al, 2012) for attributing δ 2 H in European water vapour and precipitation to evapotranspiration, rainout, and rain evaporation and equilibration. The disadvantage of Eulerian isotope models is that, due to their complexity and consequently the many inherent feedbacks, it can be difficult to isolate the impact of individual processes on isotopic variability.…”

Section: Stable Water Isotopes (H 16mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lagrangian process attribution of isotopic variations in near-surface water vapour in a 30-year regional climate simulation over Europe

2018

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Abstract. Stable water isotopes are naturally available tracers of moisture in the atmosphere. Due to isotopic fractionation, they record information about condensation and evaporation processes during the transport of air parcels, and therefore present a valuable means for studying the global water cycle. However, the meteorological processes driving isotopic variations are complex and not very well understood so far, in particular on short (hourly to daily) timescales. This study presents a Lagrangian method for attributing the isotopic composition of air parcels to meteorological processes, which provides new insight into the isotopic history of air parcels. It is based on the temporal evolution of the isotope ratios, the humidity, the temperature, and the location of the air parcels. Here these values are extracted along 7-day backward trajectories started every 6 hours from near the surface in a 30-year regional climate simulation over Europe with the isotope-enabled version of the model of the Consortium for Small-Scale Modelling (COSMOiso). The COSMOiso simulation has a horizontal resolution of 0.25 • and is driven at the lateral boundaries by a T106 global climate simulation with the isotope-enabled version of the European Centre Hamburg model (ECHAMwiso). Both simulations are validated against measurements from the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP), which shows that nesting COSMOiso within ECHAMwiso improves the representation of δ 2 H and deuterium excess in monthly accumulated precipitation. The method considers all isotopic changes that occur inside the COSMOiso model domain, which, on average, correspond to more than half of the mean and variability in both δ 2 H and deuterium excess at the air parcels' arrival points. Along every trajectory, the variations in the isotope values are quantitatively decomposed into eight process categories (evaporation from the ocean, evapotranspiration from land, mixing with moister air, mixing with drier air, liquid cloud formation, mixed phase cloud formation, ice cloud formation, and no process). The results show that for air parcels arriving over the ocean, evaporation from the ocean is the primary factor controlling δ 2 H and deuterium excess. Over land, evapotranspiration from land and mixing with moister air are similarly important. Liquid and mixed phase cloud formation contribute to the variability of δ 2 H and deuterium excess, especially over continental Europe. In summary, the presented method helps to better understand the linkage between the meteorological history of air parcels and their isotopic composition, and may support the interpretation of stable water isotope measurements in future.

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“…The results show that stations at similar elevation had W-LMWL with similar characteristics (slope and intercept), but with increasing slope with elevation, being closer to the GMLW at the highest stations (RA). S-LMWLs had lower slopes and similarly variable intercept values, likely reflecting a higher contribution from local, re-evaporated, moisture sources and sub-cloud evaporation after precipitation during summer [29].…”

Section: Local Meteoric Water Linementioning

confidence: 98%

Tracing the Relationship between Precipitation and River Water in the Northern Carpathians Base on the Evaluation of Water Isotope Data

2019

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The aim of this study is to investigate the stable isotope composition of precipitation and river water from the northeastern part of Romania. For this study, we collected monthly samples (for variable periods of time) of precipitation from six stations, and river water from three stations, between March 2012 and December 2017. The precipitation in the area is sourced mainly from the Atlantic Ocean, and secondarily from the Black Sea, local recycling being important especially in summer. We found that the seasonal δ 18 O in precipitation is in agreement with the seasonal temperature variability, as shown by the significant correlation coefficient between the two variables (r = 0.77), which indicates that the temperature has an important role in the δ 18 O variability in precipitation water in this region. The local meteoric water line in the northeastern part of Romania is defined by the equation δ 2 H = 7.80 × δ 18 O + 7.47, (r 2 = 0.99, n = 121). The results presented in this study emphasize that the δ 18 O (and δ 2 H) and d-excess variability are strongly influenced by temperature, precipitation and the prevailing large-scale atmospheric circulation. precipitation and river water could give further information on regional and global scale hydrological processes, thus enabling better planning for water usage in the context of future potential changes in the climate system [12].In order to better understand the dynamics of water in a given watershed using the stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen, a two-step approach is required: First, identification of the contribution of regional and local moisture sources to precipitation generation, and second, identification of links between stable isotopic composition and atmospheric and hydrologic processes affecting surface water [13].A remarkable number of studies which investigate the relationship between hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in precipitation and river water have been carried out in Europe [3,[13][14][15][16][17], and elsewhere in the world [2,4,12,[18][19][20], but currently, similar studies in the Eastern Carpathian Mountains, the main recharge area for rivers in Southeast Europe, are missing. To fill this gap in knowledge, we have designed a study aiming: i) To investigate the temporal and spatial variations of the stable isotope compositions of precipitation and river water from the northeastern part of Romania, in order to identify the impact of different local, regional and large-scale factors on the variability of oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition using the available isotopic data set; ii) to define the local meteoric water line (LMWL) over the analyzed region; and iii) to investigate the relation between air moisture sources and the prevailing large-scale atmospheric circulation. In this study we provide the preliminary database of the oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in precipitation and river from the northeastern part of Romania which will improve our understanding regarding the temporal and spatial variations of the stable isotopic compositions...

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The Climatological Impacts of Continental Surface Evaporation, Rainout, and Subcloud Processes on δD of Water Vapor and Precipitation in Europe

Cited by 31 publications

References 72 publications

Perspectives of regional paleoclimate modeling

Perspectives of regional paleoclimate modeling

Lagrangian process attribution of isotopic variations in near-surface water vapour in a 30-year regional climate simulation over Europe

Tracing the Relationship between Precipitation and River Water in the Northern Carpathians Base on the Evaluation of Water Isotope Data

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