The clear-felling of sand-dune plantations: Soil and vegetational processes in habitat restoration

Sturgess, Peter; Atkinson, David

doi:10.1016/0006-3207(93)90003-j

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Prior to 1945 losses were mainly due to urban expansion and forestry planting, in the period losses were primarily due to agricultural improvement and continued infrastructure development for tourism, while between 1970-2000 losses decreased due to statutory protection of most large sites, however smaller or unprotected sites continued to be lost to agricultural improvement or tourism infrastructure (e.g. golf) (Doody 1989;Sturgess and Atkinson 1993). In the future, sand dune extent is projected to decline by 2% over 20 years due to coastal erosion and sea level rise (JNCC 2007), with linear extrapolation in this study to a decline of 6% over the period 2000 to 2060.…”

Section: Trends and Drivers Of Change In Coastal Margin Habitat Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of carbon sequestration and storage in coastal habitats

Beaumont

Jones

Garbutt

et al. 2014

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

148

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Abstract:Coastal margin habitats are globally significant in terms of their capacity to sequester and store carbon, but their continuing decline, due to environmental change and human land use decisions, is reducing their capacity to provide this ecosystem service. In this paper the UK is used as a case study area to develop methodologies to quantify and calculate a monetary value for the service of carbon sequestration and storage in coastal margin habitats. Specific changes in UK coastal habitat area between 1900 and 2060 are documented, the long term stocks of carbon stored by these habitats are calculated, and the capacity of these habitats to sequester CO 2 is outlined. Changes in value of the carbon sequestration and storage service of coastal habitats were then projected for under two scenarios, the maintenance of the current state of the habitat and the continuation of current trends of habitat loss. If coastal habitats were to be maintained at their current extent, their sequestration capacity over the period 2000-2060 is valued to be in the region of £1-3 billion UK sterling. However, if current trends of habitat loss continue, the capacity of the coastal habitats both to sequester and store CO 2 will be significantly reduced, with a reduction in value of around £0.25 -1 billion . If loss-trends due to sea level rise or land reclamation worsen, this loss in value will be greater. This case study provides valuable site specific information, but also highlights global issues regarding the quantification and valuation of carbon sequestration and storage. Whilst our ability to value ecosystem services is improving, considerable uncertainty remains. If such ecosystem valuations are to be incorporated with confidence into national and global policy and legislative frameworks, it is necessary to further address this uncertainty. Recommendations on achieving this are outlined.3

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Section: Trends and Drivers Of Change In Coastal Margin Habitat Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of carbon sequestration and storage in coastal habitats

Beaumont

Jones

Garbutt

et al. 2014

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

148

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“…This facilitates the recovery of the regional seed bank and the biota of the litter and soil. This technique, here distributed spatially in nuclei, has been used previously by other authors (Sturgess and Atkinson, 1993;Rodrigues and Gandolfi, 2000), albeit over an entire area, which requires degradation of the source area. In one square meter-nuclei from 13 to 29 plants were recruited from 26 to 54 native species (15-22% trees, 12-16% shrubs, 45-65% herbs and 5-8% lianas (Bechara et al, 2007a).…”

Section: Nucleation Techniques Includementioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleation in tropical ecological restoration

Reis

Bechara

Tres

2010

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

122

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Ecological theories of facilitation and nucleation are proposed as a basis for environmental restoration in tropical ecosystems. The main goal of this paper is to present restoration techniques based on the concept of nucleation, in which small nuclei of vegetation are established within a degraded land. The nucleation techniques (artificial shelters for animals, planting of herbaceous shrub life forms, soil and seed bank translocation, seed rain translocation, soil and seed rain translocation's seedling set, artificial perches, planting of native trees in groups, and ecological stepping-stones with functional groups) promote the landscape connectivity on two flows: inward: receiver connectivity and outward: donor connectivity. The nuclei development represents an alternative for restoration by prioritizing the natural processes of succession. This methodology appears to take long to generate vegetation corresponding to tropical climates, but is fundamental in the formation of communities capable of acting, in the future, as a new functional nuclei within the current fragmented landscape. This strategy also encourages greater integration between the theories and projects of ecological restoration for the development of human resources and to benefit the restoration practitioner. Key words: facilitation, succession, heterogeneity, landscape connectivity, degraded areas A Nucleação na restauração ecológica de ecossistemas tropicais RESUMO: As teorias ecológicas da facilitação e nucleação são propostas como base para a restauração ambiental de ecossistemas tropicais. Nesse "Ponto de Vista" apresentam-se técnicas de restauração fundamentadas no conceito de nucleação, onde pequenos núcleos de vegetação são implantados em uma área degradada. As técnicas de nucleação (abrigos artificiais para animais, plantio de espécies herbáceo-arbustivas, transposição de solo e banco de sementes, transposição de chuva de sementes, blocos de mudas procedentes de transposição de solo e chuva de sementes, poleiros artificiais, plantio de árvores nativas em grupos de Anderson, e trampolins ecológicos com grupos funcionais) promovem a conectividade da paisagem sob dois fluxos: interno: conectividade recebedora; e externo: conectividade doadora. O desenvolvimento dos núcleos representa uma alternativa de restauração que prioriza os processos de sucessão natural. A restauração através das técnicas de nucleação pode parecer muito lenta para atingir uma vegetação que corresponda ao clima tropical, porém representa uma base para a constituição de comunidades que, no futuro, poderão potencialmente atuar como novos núcleos funcionais dentro da atual paisagem fragmentada. Encoraja-se maior integração entre teorias ecológicas e projetos de restauração para desenvolvimento de recursos humanos e formação de restauradores ecológicos. Palavras-chave: facilitação, sucessão, heterogeneidade, conectividade da paisagem, áreas degradadas

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“…Tal processo tende a se multiplicar e disseminar, progressivamente, dificultando a resiliência ambiental (WESTBROOKS, 1998;DISLICH et al, 2002). Espécies com alta capacidade invasora, como Pinus spp., tendem a inibir a sucessão ecológica, eliminando espécies de flora e fauna (STURGESS; ATKINSON, 1993). A segunda maior causa de extinção de espécies no mundo está relacionada à ação de espécies exóticas invasoras, superada apenas pela supressão de habitats (VITOUSEK et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Espécies com alta capacidade invasora, como Pinus spp., tendem a inibir a sucessão ecológica, eliminando espécies de flora e fauna (STURGESS; ATKINSON, 1993). A segunda maior causa de extinção de espécies no mundo está relacionada à ação de espécies exóticas invasoras, superada apenas pela supressão de habitats (VITOUSEK et al, 1996). Porém os fenômenos da extinção e ação de invasoras não estão dissociados, uma vez que os ambientes destruídos são os locais mais facilmente colonizados por espécies invasoras, evitando que a sucessão secundária possa recriar novas condições ecológicas propícias para a colonização das espécies ameaçadas pela fragmentação.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

INVASÃO BIOLÓGICA DE Pinus elliottii VAR. elliottii NO PARQUE ESTADUAL DO RIO VERMELHO, FLORIANÓPOLIS, SC

Bechara¹,

Reis²,

Trentin³

2013

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ResumoA invasão biológica é conceituada como o processo de introdução e adaptação de espécies exóticas nos ecossistemas naturais, as quais se tornam invasoras, causando alterações ecológicas. Espécies com alta capacidade invasora, como Pinus elliottii, tendem a inibir a sucessão ecológica. . Se por um lado a inexistência de sementes de Pinus spp. no banco pode parecer uma vantagem, a chuva de sementes contínua representa uma ameaça constante para a reinfestação dessa espécie na área. Palavras-chave: Banco de sementes; chuva de sementes; restauração ecológica. Abstract Biological invasion of Pinus elliottii var. elliottii in Rio Vermelho State Park, Florianópolis, SC.Biological invasion is defined as the process of introduction and adaptation of non-native species into natural ecosystems which become invasive and cause ecological changes. Species with high invasive capacity, such as Pinus elliottii, tend to inhibit ecological succession. In 1962 the Forestry Station of Rio Vermelho in Florianópolis-SC was created, and 25 species of pine tested in 500 ha of dunes. After 40 years, approximately 250 ha of dunes and restingas, adjacent to the plantations were invaded by Pinus elliottii var. elliottii. In order to evaluate its invasive capacity, the seed bank and seed rain were sampled in three habitat types: i) inner stand of Pinus elliottii var. elliottii ii) stand border; and iii) preserved mature restinga with tree covering. Seedling emergence of pines was not observed in the seed bank, suggesting that the seeds do not remain viable in the soil. The seed rain was continuous throughout the year, generating about two million viable seeds.ha . If the lack of a seed bank may seem an advantage, the continuous seed rain represents a constant threat to the re-infestation of the species in the park.

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The clear-felling of sand-dune plantations: Soil and vegetational processes in habitat restoration

Cited by 29 publications

References 17 publications

The value of carbon sequestration and storage in coastal habitats

The value of carbon sequestration and storage in coastal habitats

Nucleation in tropical ecological restoration

INVASÃO BIOLÓGICA DE Pinus elliottii VAR. elliottii NO PARQUE ESTADUAL DO RIO VERMELHO, FLORIANÓPOLIS, SC

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