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This chapter focuses on processes of representing and sharing sound in the sciences. How have scientists, engineers, and physicians talked about sound and transcribed sound into legible signs? What did they do to ensure the acceptability and standardization of their verbalizations and notations? Why did embodied forms of notation survive despite a wider trend toward mechanical objectivity? And in what contexts did scientists become interested in the epistemological relevance of sound in the first place? This chapter also introduces most of the case studies and listening technologies in more detail. Keywords Sonic signs • Representing and sharing sound • Embodied notation • Automatic registration • Mechanical objectivity IntroductIon In 1954, Lawrence N. Solomon earned his doctoral degree in psychology at the University of Illinois with a study on complex auditory stimuli. The stimuli he examined were underwater sounds. These were highly relevant in undersea warfare, giving sonar operators information on whether, for instance, battleships from their own country were coming home or enemy submarines were approaching. Solomon wanted to know how sonar operators made sense of such sounds, and he was especially intrigued by the informal "sonar vocabulary" the operators had CHAPTER 2
This chapter focuses on processes of representing and sharing sound in the sciences. How have scientists, engineers, and physicians talked about sound and transcribed sound into legible signs? What did they do to ensure the acceptability and standardization of their verbalizations and notations? Why did embodied forms of notation survive despite a wider trend toward mechanical objectivity? And in what contexts did scientists become interested in the epistemological relevance of sound in the first place? This chapter also introduces most of the case studies and listening technologies in more detail. Keywords Sonic signs • Representing and sharing sound • Embodied notation • Automatic registration • Mechanical objectivity IntroductIon In 1954, Lawrence N. Solomon earned his doctoral degree in psychology at the University of Illinois with a study on complex auditory stimuli. The stimuli he examined were underwater sounds. These were highly relevant in undersea warfare, giving sonar operators information on whether, for instance, battleships from their own country were coming home or enemy submarines were approaching. Solomon wanted to know how sonar operators made sense of such sounds, and he was especially intrigued by the informal "sonar vocabulary" the operators had CHAPTER 2
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