The Circumgalactic Medium of Submillimeter Galaxies. II. Unobscured QSOs within Dusty Starbursts and QSO Sightlines with Impact Parameters below 100 kpc

Fu, Hai; Isbell, J. W.; Casey, Caitlin M.; Cooray, Asantha; Prochaska, J. Xavier; Scoville, N. Z.; Stockton, Alan

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa7c63

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Our ALMA 345 GHz imaging pinpointed the position of the Herschel source (Fu et al 2017), and Gemini near-IR and ALMA 94 GHz spectroscopy jointly determined a spectroscopic redshift of 2.674 ( § 3.1 & 3.2). We designate the SMG as ALMA J091339.55−010656.4 or SMM J0913 in short.…”

Section: Emission-absorption Connectionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…A good strategy is to observe multiple sources located within a ∼10 • diameter circle in a single ALMA scheduling block (SB). In Fu et al (2017), we managed to observe ∼10 targets in a single ∼50 min SB, achieving an on-source integration time of 200 s per source and an rms of 0.12 mJy beam −1 . Do we have enough such pairs to populate a 50-min SB?…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GAMA J0913−0107 system is one of the 163 SMG−QSO pairs with apparent separations between 5 ′′ and 30 ′′ , which were selected by cross-matching Herschelselected SMGs with optically-selected QSOs from a compilation of spectroscopic surveys (Fu et al 2016(Fu et al , 2017. Located in the R.A. = 9 hr equatorial field of the Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS) survey (Eales et al 2010), the Herschel source at R.A. = 09 h 13 m 39 s , Decl.…”

Section: Emission-absorption Connectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Located in the R.A. = 9 hr equatorial field of the Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS) survey (Eales et al 2010), the Herschel source at R.A. = 09 h 13 m 39 s , Decl. = −01 • 06 ′ 59 ′′ is detected at high S/N by SPIRE (Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver; Griffin et al 2010) at 250, 350, and 500 µm, with de-boosted flux densities of S 250 = 52.5 ± 7.4 mJy, S 350 = 69.4 ± 8.8 mJy, and S 500 = 48.4 ± 9.2 mJy (Valiante et al 2016;Fu et al 2017). The far-IR SED clearly peaks around 350 µm (i.e., "350 µm peakers"), giving a rough photometric redshift of ∼2.5 assuming a dust temperature of ∼50 K, following Wien's displacement law for S ν over λ: λ peak = 102 µm (50 K/T ) (1 + z).…”

Section: Emission-absorption Connectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparison between ALMA and Herschel positions showed a 1σ positional offset of ∼4.2 ′′ for sources with S/N ∼ 6 at 250 µm (Eq. 5 of Fu et al 2017). Near-IR slit spectroscopy requires sub-arcsec positions, so we carried out 0.5 ′′ -resolution ALMA band-7 (345 GHz/870 µm) observations of GAMA J0913−0107 as part of our Cycle-3 project 2015.1.00131.S (see Fu et al 2017, for details).…”

Section: Emission-absorption Connectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Long Stream of Metal-Poor Cool Gas around a Massive Starburst Galaxy at z = 2.67

Fu,

Xue,

Prochaska

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We present the first detailed dissection of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of massive starburst galaxies at z > 2. Our target is a submillimeter galaxy (SMG) at z = 2.674 that has a star formation rate of 1200 M ⊙ yr −1 and a molecular gas reservoir of 1.3 × 10 11 M ⊙ . We characterize its CGM with two background QSOs at impact parameters of 93 kpc and 176 kpc. We detect strong H I and metal-line absorption near the redshift of the SMG towards both QSOs, each consisting of three main subsystems spanning over 1500 km s −1 . The absorbers show remarkable kinematic and metallicity coherence across a separation of ∼86 kpc. In particular, the cool gas in the CGM of the SMG exhibits high H I column densities (log N HI /cm −2 = 20.2, 18.6), low metallicities ([M/H] ≈ −2.0), and similar radial velocities (δv ∼ −300 km s −1 ). While the H I column densities match previous results on the CGM around QSOs at z > 2, the metallicities are lower by more than an order-ofmagnitude. The large physical extent, the velocity coherence, the high surface density, and the low metallicity are all consistent with the cool, inflowing, and near-pristine gas streams predicted to penetrate hot massive halos at z > 1.5. We estimate a total gas accretion rate of ∼100 M ⊙ yr −1 from three such streams, which falls short of the star formation rate but is consistent with simulations. At this rate, it takes about a billion years to acquire the molecular gas reservoir of the central starburst.

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Section: Emission-absorption Connectionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Emission-absorption Connectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Emission-absorption Connectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Emission-absorption Connectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Long Stream of Metal-Poor Cool Gas around a Massive Starburst Galaxy at z = 2.67

Fu,

Xue,

Prochaska

et al. 2021

Preprint

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X-ray emission of z > 2.5 active galactic nuclei can be obscured by their host galaxies

Circosta

Vignali

Gilli³

et al. 2019

A&A

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We present a multi-wavelength study of seven AGN at spectroscopic redshift > 2.5 in the 7 Ms Chandra Deep Field South, selected to have good FIR/sub-mm detections. Our aim is to investigate the possibility that the obscuration observed in the X-rays can be produced by the interstellar medium (ISM) of the host galaxy. Based on the 7 Ms Chandra spectra, we measured obscuring column densities N H, X in excess of 7 × 10 22 cm −2 and intrinsic X-ray luminosities L X > 10 44 erg s −1 for our targets, as well as equivalent widths for the Fe Kα emission line EW rest 0.5 − 1 keV. We built the UV-to-FIR spectral energy distributions by using broadband photometry from CANDELS and Herschel catalogs. By means of an SED decomposition technique, we derived stellar masses (M * ∼ 10 11 M ), IR luminosities (L IR > 10 12 L ), star formation rates (SFR∼ 190 − 1680 M yr −1 ) and AGN bolometric luminosities (L bol ∼ 10 46 erg s −1 ) for our sample. We used an empirically-calibrated relation between gas masses and FIR/sub-mm luminosities and derived M gas ∼ 0.8 − 5.4 × 10 10 M . High-resolution (0.3 − 0.7 ) ALMA data (when available, CANDELS data otherwise) were used to estimate the galaxy size and hence the volume enclosing most of the ISM under simple geometrical assumptions. These measurements were then combined to derive the column density associated with the ISM of the host, on the order of N H, ISM ∼ 10 23−24 cm −2 . The comparison between the ISM column densities and those measured from the X-ray spectral analysis shows that they are similar. This suggests that, at least at high redshift, significant absorption on kpc scales by the dense ISM in the host likely adds to or substitutes that produced by circumnuclear gas on pc scales (i.e., the torus of unified models). The lack of unobscured AGN among our ISM-rich targets supports this scenario.

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Circumgalactic Lyα emission around submillimeter-bright galaxies with different quasar contributions

González Lobos,

Arrigoni Battaia,

Chang

et al. 2023

A&A

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We present VLT/MUSE observations targeting the extended Lyman-α (Lyα) emission of five high-redshift (z ∼ 3-4) submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) with increasing quasi-stellar object (QSO) radiation: two SMGs; two SMGs that host a QSO; and one SMG that hosts a QSO with an SMG companion (QSO+SMG). These sources are predicted to be located in dark matter halos of comparable masses (average mass of MDM ∼ 1012.2 M⊙). We quantified the luminosity and extent of the Lyα emission, together with its kinematics, and examined four Lyα powering mechanisms: photoionization from QSOs or star formation, shocks by galactic and/or QSO outflows, gravitational cooling radiation, and Lyα photon resonant scattering. We find a variety of Lyα luminosities and extents, with the QSO+SMG system displaying the most extended and bright nebula, followed by the SMGs hosting a QSO, and finally the undetected circumgalactic medium of SMGs. This diversity implies that gravitational cooling is unlikely to be the main powering mechanism. We show that photoionization from the QSO and QSO outflows can contribute to power the emission for average densities nH > 0.5 cm−3. Moreover, the observed Lyα luminosities scale with the QSO’s budget of Lyα photons modulo the dust content in each galaxy, highlighting a possible contribution from resonant scattering of QSO radiation in powering the nebulae. We find larger Lyα linewidths (FWHM ≳ 1200 km s−1) than usually reported around radio-quiet systems, pointing to large-scale outflows. A statistical survey targeting similar high-redshift massive systems with known host properties is needed to confirm our findings.

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The Circumgalactic Medium of Submillimeter Galaxies. II. Unobscured QSOs within Dusty Starbursts and QSO Sightlines with Impact Parameters below 100 kpc

Cited by 9 publications

References 85 publications

A Long Stream of Metal-Poor Cool Gas around a Massive Starburst Galaxy at z = 2.67

A Long Stream of Metal-Poor Cool Gas around a Massive Starburst Galaxy at z = 2.67

X-ray emission of z > 2.5 active galactic nuclei can be obscured by their host galaxies

Circumgalactic Lyα emission around submillimeter-bright galaxies with different quasar contributions

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