The circulating transcriptome as a source of cancer liquid biopsy biomarkers

Solé, Carla; Arnaiz, Esther; Manterola, Lorea; Otaegui, David; Lawrie, Charles H.

doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.01.003

Cited by 99 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…Because these locus-level analyses of individual genomes are below the limits of detection, other circulating nucleic acid analytes may be more representative of phenotype and thus offer better detection characteristics. Circulating tumor cells, circulating cell-free miRNA, circular RNA, posttranscriptionally modified RNA species, and genome-wide tissue-of-origin patterns of DNA methylation do not correlate 1:1 with tumor cell number, and thus may give a much greater signal than allele-dependent assays for the early noninvasive detection of aggressive and potentially recurrent prostate cancer [36,37]. MATERIALS AND METHODS…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Abundance of Circulating Tumor DNA in Localized Prostate Cancer

Hennigan

Trostel

Terrigino

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Abundance of Circulating Tumor DNA in Localized Prostate Cancer

Hennigan

Trostel

Terrigino

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Several lncRNAs have been detected via liquid biopsy and may serve as prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers in numerous malignancies. Of the lncRNAs discussed here, MALAT1 (in prostate cancer and multiple myeloma), HOTAIR (in NSCLC and multiple myeloma), and SPRY4-IT1 (in esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma) have been implicated as relevant biomarkers in liquid biopsies [136]. LncRNAs as liquid biopsy biomarkers have yet to be discovered for breast cancer, although this will likely come in the future.…”

Section: Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Missing Lnc: The Potential of Targeting Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells by Inhibiting Long Non-Coding RNAs

Brown

Wasson

Marcato

2020

Cells

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Treatment decisions for breast cancer are based on staging and hormone receptor expression and include chemotherapies and endocrine therapy. While effective in many cases, some breast cancers are resistant to therapy, metastasize and recur, leading to eventual death. Higher percentages of tumor-initiating cancer stem cells (CSCs) may contribute to the increased aggressiveness, chemoresistance, and worse outcomes among breast cancer. This may be particularly true in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) which have higher percentages of CSCs and are associated with worse outcomes. In recent years, increasing numbers of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as playing an important role in breast cancer progression and some of these have been specifically associated within the CSC populations of breast cancers. LncRNAs are non-protein-coding transcripts greater than 200 nucleotides which can have critical functions in gene expression regulation. The preclinical evidence regarding lncRNA antagonists for the treatment of cancer is promising and therefore, presents a potential novel approach for treating breast cancer and targeting therapy-resistant CSCs within these tumors. Herein, we summarize the lncRNAs that have been identified as functionally relevant in breast CSCs. Furthermore, our review of the literature and analysis of patient datasets has revealed that many of these breast CSC-associated lncRNAs are also enriched in TNBC. Together, this suggests that these lncRNAs may be playing a particularly important role in TNBC. Thus, certain breast cancer-promoting/CSC-associated lncRNAs could be targeted in the treatment of TNBCs and the CSCs within these tumors should be susceptible to anti-lncRNA therapy.

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“…In the past decade, circulating miRNAs have emerged as powerful novel tools for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with melanoma [87]. Most miRNAs are found within the cells, however, low levels are also detectable in the extracellular space including the bloodstream where miRNAs, referred to as circulating miRNAs, are attached to lipoproteins, proteins, or loaded inside exosomes.…”

Section: Circulating Microrna Biomarkers In Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

miRNAs as Key Players in the Management of Cutaneous Melanoma

Lorusso

Summa

Pinto

et al. 2020

Cells

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The number of treatment options for melanoma patients has grown in the past few years, leading to considerable improvements in both overall and progression-free survival. Targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors have opened a new era in the management of melanoma patients. Despite the clinical advances, further research efforts are needed to identify other "druggable" targets and new biomarkers to improve the stratification of melanoma patients who could really benefit from targeted and immunotherapies. To this end, many studies have focused on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) that are small non-coding RNAs (18-25 nucleotides in length), which post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of their targets. In cancer, they can behave either as oncogenes or oncosuppressive genes and play a central role in many intracellular pathways involved in proliferation and invasion. Given their modulating activity on the transcriptional landscape, their biological role is under investigation to study resistance mechanisms. They are able to mediate the communication between tumor cells and their microenvironment and regulate tumor immunity through direct regulation of the genes involved in immune activation or suppression. To date, a very promising miRNA-based strategy is to use them as prognosis and diagnosis biomarkers both as cell-free miRNAs and extracellular-vesicle miRNAs. However, miRNAs have a complex role since they target different genes in different cellular conditions. Thus, the ultimate aim of studies has been to recapitulate their role in melanoma in biological networks that account for miRNA/gene expression and mutational state. In this review, we will provide an overview of current scientific knowledge regarding the oncogenic or oncosuppressive role of miRNAs in melanoma and their use as biomarkers, with respect to approved therapies for melanoma treatment.

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The circulating transcriptome as a source of cancer liquid biopsy biomarkers

Cited by 99 publications

References 142 publications

Low Abundance of Circulating Tumor DNA in Localized Prostate Cancer

Low Abundance of Circulating Tumor DNA in Localized Prostate Cancer

The Missing Lnc: The Potential of Targeting Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells by Inhibiting Long Non-Coding RNAs

miRNAs as Key Players in the Management of Cutaneous Melanoma

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