The circadian clock uses different environmental time cues to synchronize emergence and locomotion of the solitary bee Osmia bicornis

Beer, Katharina; Schenk, Mariela; Helfrich‐Förster, Charlotte; Holzschuh, Andrea

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-54111-3

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Very similar, the developing circadian clock of solitary bees does rely less on photic input. The daily emergence of solitary bees is synchronized rather by temperature cycles than daily light‐dark cycles (Beer et al., 2019; Bennett et al., 2018; Tweedy & Stephen, 1970). Light sensitivity of the circadian clock seems to increase only after the solitary bees have eclosed from their pupal case and wait to emerge from their cocoon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The pigment‐dispersing factor neuronal network systematically grows in developing honey bees

Beer

Härtel

Helfrich‐Förster

2021

J of Comparative Neurology

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The neuropeptide pigment‐dispersing factor (PDF) plays a prominent role in the circadian clock of many insects including honey bees. In the honey bee brain, PDF is expressed in about 15 clock neurons per hemisphere that lie between the central brain and the optic lobes. As in other insects, the bee PDF neurons form wide arborizations in the brain, but certain differences are evident. For example, they arborize only sparsely in the accessory medulla (AME), which serves as important communication center of the circadian clock in cockroaches and flies. Furthermore, all bee PDF neurons cluster together, which makes it impossible to distinguish individual projections. Here, we investigated the developing bee PDF network and found that the first three PDF neurons arise in the third larval instar and form a dense network of varicose fibers at the base of the developing medulla that strongly resembles the AME of hemimetabolous insects. In addition, they send faint fibers toward the lateral superior protocerebrum. In last larval instar, PDF cells with larger somata appear and send fibers toward the distal medulla and the medial protocerebrum. In the dorsal part of the medulla serpentine layer, a small PDF knot evolves from which PDF fibers extend ventrally. This knot disappears during metamorphosis and the varicose arborizations in the putative AME become fainter. Instead, a new strongly stained PDF fiber hub appears in front of the lobula. Simultaneously, the number of PDF neurons increases and the PDF neuronal network in the brain gets continuously more complex.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Light sensitivity of the circadian clock seems to increase only after the solitary bees have eclosed from their pupal case and wait to emerge from their cocoon. From that time onward, their activity can immediately synchronize to light‐dark cycles of low light intensity (Beer et al., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pigment‐dispersing factor neuronal network systematically grows in developing honey bees

Beer

Härtel

Helfrich‐Förster

2021

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…Furthermore, many varicose endings and no fine dendritic-like fibres were found in the AME of honeybee larvae. This has been interpreted as a lack of photoreceptor input into the honeybee AME, which may be explained by the different lifestyle of bees, which rely much more on social cues than eye-transmitted light-dark cycles to synchronize their circadian clocks [76][77][78].…”

Section: The Pdf-positive Clock Neurons In the Aphid Brain Closely Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pigment-Dispersing Factor is present in circadian clock neurons of pea aphids and may mediate photoperiodic signalling to insulin-producing cells

Colizzi

Veenstra

Rezende

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The neuropeptide Pigment-Dispersing Factor (PDF) plays a pivotal role in the circadian clock of most Ecdysozoa and is additionally involved in the timing of seasonal responses of several photoperiodic species. The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, is a paradigmatic photoperiodic species with an annual life cycle tightly coupled to the seasonal changes in day length. Nevertheless, PDF could not be identified in A. pisum so far. In the present study, we identified a PDF-coding gene that has undergone significant changes in the otherwise highly conserved insect C-terminal amino acid sequence. A newly generated aphid-specific PDF antibody stained four neurons in each hemisphere of the aphid brain that co-express the clock protein Period and have projections to the pars lateralis that are highly plastic and change their appearance in a daily and seasonal manner, resembling those of the fruit fly PDF neurons. Most intriguingly, the PDF terminals overlap with dendrites of the insulin-like peptide (ILP) positive neurosecretory cells in the pars intercerebralis and with putative terminals of Cryptochrome (CRY) positive clock neurons. Since ILP has been previously shown to be crucial for seasonal adaptations and CRY might serve as a circadian photoreceptor vital for measuring day length, our results suggest that PDF plays a critical role in aphid seasonal timing.

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Section: The Pigment-dispersing Factor-positive Clock Neurons In the ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pigment-dispersing factor is present in circadian clock neurons of pea aphids and may mediate photoperiodic signalling to insulin-producing cells

et al. 2023

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The neuropeptide pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) plays a pivotal role in the circadian clock of most Ecdysozoa and is additionally involved in the timing of seasonal responses of several photoperiodic species. The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, is a paradigmatic photoperiodic species with an annual life cycle tightly coupled to the seasonal changes in day length. Nevertheless, PDF could not be identified in A. pisum so far . In the present study, we identified a PDF-coding gene that has undergone significant changes in the otherwise highly conserved insect C-terminal amino acid sequence. A newly generated aphid-specific PDF antibody stained four neurons in each hemisphere of the aphid brain that co-express the clock protein Period and have projections to the pars lateralis that are highly plastic and change their appearance in a daily and seasonal manner, resembling those of the fruit fly PDF neurons. Most intriguingly, the PDF terminals overlap with dendrites of the insulin-like peptide (ILP) positive neurosecretory cells in the pars intercerebralis and with putative terminals of Cryptochrome (CRY) positive clock neurons. Since ILP has been previously shown to be crucial for seasonal adaptations and CRY might serve as a circadian photoreceptor vital for measuring day length, our results suggest that PDF plays a critical role in aphid seasonal timing.

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The circadian clock uses different environmental time cues to synchronize emergence and locomotion of the solitary bee Osmia bicornis

Cited by 12 publications

References 58 publications

The pigment‐dispersing factor neuronal network systematically grows in developing honey bees

The pigment‐dispersing factor neuronal network systematically grows in developing honey bees

Pigment-Dispersing Factor is present in circadian clock neurons of pea aphids and may mediate photoperiodic signalling to insulin-producing cells

Pigment-dispersing factor is present in circadian clock neurons of pea aphids and may mediate photoperiodic signalling to insulin-producing cells

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