The circadian clock gene (Clock) regulates photoperiodic time measurement and its downstream process determining maternal induction of embryonic diapause in a cricket

Goto, Shin G.; NAGATA, Masatoshi

doi:10.14411/eje.2022.002

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The identification of clock genes allowed direct testing of the link between the circadian and the seasonal clocks. As expected, knocking down of clock genes disrupted the photoperiodic response in insects such as the bean bug Riptortus pedestris (Ikeno et al 2010 ), silkworm Bombyx mori (Tobita and Kiuchi 2022 ), band-legged ground cricket Dianemobius nigrofasciatus (Goto and Nagata 2022 ) and Nasonia vitripennis (Dalla Benetta et al 2019 ). Importantly, natural genetic variation in circadian clock genes has been associated with variation in the seasonal response, suggesting that the circadian system is one of the targets of evolution for local adaptation of seasonal timing (Tauber et al 2007 ; Mathias et al 2007 ; Paolucci et al 2016 ).…”

Section: Epigenetic Regulation Of the Circadian Clockmentioning

confidence: 57%

Epigenetics and seasonal timing in animals: a concise review

Fishman,

Tauber

2023

J Comp Physiol A

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Seasonal adaptation in animals is a complex process that involves genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. The present review explores recent studies on epigenetic mechanisms implicated in seasonal adaptation in animals. The review is divided into three main sections, each focusing on a different epigenetic mechanism: DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA. Additionally, the review delves into the current understanding of how these epigenetic factors contribute to the regulation of circadian and seasonal cycles. Understanding these molecular mechanisms provides the first step in deciphering the complex interplay between genetics, epigenetics, and the environment in driving seasonal adaptation in animals. By exploring these mechanisms, a better understanding of how animals adapt to changing environmental conditions can be achieved.

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Section: Epigenetic Regulation Of the Circadian Clockmentioning

confidence: 57%

Epigenetics and seasonal timing in animals: a concise review

Fishman,

Tauber

2023

J Comp Physiol A

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“…Insects measure photoperiod and enter diapause at correct timing. The involvement of the circadian clock in this photoperiodic time measurement system has been indicated in several studies involving gene manipulation techniques, such as RNAi and genome editing, applied to clock genes affecting photoperiodic diapause induction in numerous insect species (Ikeno et al, 2010, 2011, 2013; Meuti et al, 2015; Mukai and Goto, 2016; Kotwica-Rolinska et al, 2017, 2022; Iiams et al, 2019; Tamai et al, 2019; Goto and Nagata, 2022). These studies have highlighted the circadian clock’s role in insect photoperiodic diapause induction, although the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knockout ofcryptochrome 1disrupts circadian rhythm and photoperiodic diapause induction in the silkworm,Bombyx mori

Tobita,

Kiuchi

2024

Preprint

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Most insects enter diapause, a state of physiological dormancy crucial for enduring harsh seasons, with photoperiod serving as the primary cue for its induction, ensuring proper seasonal timing of the process. Although the involvement of the circadian clock in the photoperiodic time measurement has been demonstrated through knockdown or knockout of clock genes, the precise molecular mechanisms in this context remain unclear. In bivoltine strains of the silkworm,Bombyx mori, embryonic diapause is maternally controlled and affected by environmental conditions experienced by mother moths during embryonic and larval stages. Previous research highlighted the role of core clock genes, includingperiod(per),timeless(tim),Clock(Clk) andcycle(cyc), in photoperiodic diapause induction inB. mori. In this study, we focused on another clock gene,cryptochrome 1(cry1), which functions as a photoreceptor implicated in photoentrainment of the circadian clock across various insect species. Phylogenetic analysis and conserved domain identification confirmed the presence of bothDrosophila-typecry(cry1) and mammalian-typecry(cry2) genes in theB. morigenome, akin to other lepidopterans. Temporal expression analysis revealed highercry1gene expression during the photophase and lower expression during the scotophase, with knockouts of core clock genes (per,tim,Clkandcyc) disrupting this temporal expression pattern. Using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing, we established acry1knockout strain in p50T, a bivoltine strain exhibiting clear photoperiodism during both embryonic and larval stages. Although the wild-type strain displayed circadian rhythm in eclosion under continuous darkness, thecry1knockout strain exhibited arrhythmic eclosion, implicatingB. mori cry1in the circadian clock feedback loop governing behavior rhythms. Females of thecry1knockout strain failed to induce photoperiodic diapause during both embryonic and larval stages, mirroring the diapause phenotype of the wild-type individuals reared under constant darkness, indicating thatB. moriCRY1 contributes to photoperiodic time measurement as a photoreceptor. Furthermore, photoperiodic diapause induction during the larval stage was abolished in acry1/timdouble-knockout strain, suggesting that photic information received by CRY1 is relayed to the circadian clock. Overall, this study represents the first evidence ofcry1involvement in insect photoperiodism, specifically in diapause induction.

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“…Formal models of thermophotoperiodic response were developed and tested (Koštál, 2011;Saunders, 2011Saunders, , 2013Saunders, , 2021Saunders et al, 2002;Vaz Nunes & Saunders, 1999). Biochemical and molecular mechanisms of photoperiodism are intensively studied (Denlinger et al, 2012;Des Marteaux et al, 2022;Goto & Nagata, 2022;Goto & Numata, 2015;Hand et al, 2016;Matsuda et al, 2020;Reynolds, 2017;Tougeron, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoperiod‐independent diapause‐inducing thermal response of Trichogramma larvae: Pattern and mechanisms

Reznik

Войнович

2022

J Applied Entomology

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It is well known that photoperiodic induction of insect diapause can be affected by temperature, whereas photoperiod-independent diapause-inducing thermal responses received much less attention of researchers. We studied the influence of a wide range (from 3 to 30°C) of constant and alternating temperatures on the rate of development, on pre-adult survival and on the induction of pre-pupal diapause in the egg parasitoid Trichogramma telengai. The progeny of females developed at 20°C and photoperiod of L:D = 18:6 or 12:12 was used in this study. The study showed that the pattern of the thermal response of T. telengai is an asymmetric inverted U-shaped curve determined by two different mechanisms. The right part of the curve represents S-shaped effect of temperature on the induction of diapause (the threshold for this response is 13-15°C depending on maternal photoperiod), whereas the left part represents an arrest of development caused by the direct effect of low temperature (with the threshold of about 5°C). We conclude that the effect of temperature on the induction of diapause in T. telengai is based on (or at least closely connected with) the thermal influence on the rate of metabolism and development. The results of this study can be used for the prediction of Trichogramma diapause incidence under natural conditions and for the development of the cold storage methods.

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The circadian clock gene (Clock) regulates photoperiodic time measurement and its downstream process determining maternal induction of embryonic diapause in a cricket

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Epigenetics and seasonal timing in animals: a concise review

Epigenetics and seasonal timing in animals: a concise review

Knockout ofcryptochrome 1disrupts circadian rhythm and photoperiodic diapause induction in the silkworm,Bombyx mori

Photoperiod‐independent diapause‐inducing thermal response of Trichogramma larvae: Pattern and mechanisms

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