The chronic enteropathogenic disease schistosomiasis

Olveda, David U.; Olveda, Remigio M.; McManus, Donald P.; Cai, Pengfei; Chau, Thao N.P.; Lam, Alfred King‐Yin; Li, Yuesheng; Harn, Donald A.; Vinluan, Marilyn L.; Ross, Allen G.

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2014.07.009

Cited by 80 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…In ovaries from the oldest animals (>20 months of age), PSR staining was the most prominent, and in some cases, accounted for > 35% of the total ovarian area. This extensive fibrosis resembles what is observed in hepatocyte nodules in liver cirrhosis or in schistosome-induced granuloma formation (Bataller, et al 2011, Mathurin and Bataller 2015, Olveda, et al 2014). Although ovarian fibrosis was most severe in the oldest animals, regions of fibrosis were evident within the tissue earlier.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Reproductive age-associated fibrosis in the stroma of the mammalian ovary

et al. 2016

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Under normal physiological conditions, tissue remodeling in response to injury leads to tissue regeneration without permanent damage. However, if homeostasis between synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components is altered, fibrosis – or the excess accumulation of ECM – can disrupt tissue architecture and function. Several organs, including the heart, lung, and kidney, exhibit age-associated fibrosis. Here we investigated whether fibrosis underlies aging in the ovary - an organ that ages chronologically before other organs. We used Picrosirius Red (PSR), a connective tissue stain specific for collagen I and III fibers, to evaluate ovarian fibrosis. Using brightfield, epifluorescence, confocal, and polarized light microscopy, we validated the specific staining of highly ordered PSR-stained fibers in the ovary. We next examined ovarian PSR staining in two mouse strains (CD1 and CB6F1) across an aging continuum and found that PSR staining was minimal in ovaries from reproductively young adult animals, increased in distinct foci in animals of mid-to-advanced reproductive age, and was prominent throughout the stroma of the oldest animals. Consistent with fibrosis, there was a reproductive aged-associated increase in ovarian hydroxyproline content. We also observed a unique population of multinucleated macrophage giant cells, which are associated with chronic inflammation, within the ovarian stroma exclusively in reproductively old mice. In fact, several genes central to inflammation had significantly higher levels of expression in ovaries from reproductively old mice relative to young. These results establish fibrosis as an early hallmark of the aging ovarian stroma, and this altered microenvironment may contribute to the age-associated decline in gamete quality.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Reproductive age-associated fibrosis in the stroma of the mammalian ovary

et al. 2016

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“…MR can also show fat hypertrophy around the hepatic hilum and gallbladder fossa with intrahepatic extension of the fat. Chronic hepatopathy and portal hypertension features can also be seen [82, 90, 91]. The fibrotic septa of S. japonicum are hypointense on T1WI and hyperintense on T2WI [4].…”

Section: Intestinal Schistosomiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected hosts: imaging parasitic diseases

et al. 2016

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Radiologists seldom encounter parasitic diseases in their daily practice in most of Europe, although the incidence of these diseases is increasing due to migration and tourism from/to endemic areas. Moreover, some parasitic diseases are still endemic in certain European regions, and immunocompromised individuals also pose a higher risk of developing these conditions. This article reviews and summarises the imaging findings of some of the most important and frequent human parasitic diseases, including information about the parasite’s life cycle, pathophysiology, clinical findings, diagnosis, and treatment. We include malaria, amoebiasis, toxoplasmosis, trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, echinococcosis, cysticercosis, clonorchiasis, schistosomiasis, fascioliasis, ascariasis, anisakiasis, dracunculiasis, and strongyloidiasis. The aim of this review is to help radiologists when dealing with these diseases or in cases where they are suspected. Teaching Points • Incidence of parasitic diseases is increasing due to migratory movements and travelling. • Some parasitic diseases are still endemic in certain regions in Europe. • Parasitic diseases can have complex life cycles often involving different hosts. • Prompt diagnosis and treatment is essential for patient management in parasitic diseases. • Radiologists should be able to recognise and suspect the most relevant parasitic diseases.

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“…[5] If not released in feces (S. mansoni, S. japo-nicum)o ru rine (S. haematobium)i nto the environment, remaining eggs get trapped in host tissues, such as liver and spleen, causing severe inflammation, periportal fibrosis, anaemia, and/orhaematuria. [6] Praziquantel (PZQ) is the only drug that is widely used against all schistosome species (Figure 1). [2] An advantage of this drug is its efficacy toward all schistosome species and its low cost for treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Biarylalkyl Carboxylic Acid Amides with Improved Anti‐schistosomal Activity

et al. 2019

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The parasitic disease schistosomiasis is the cause of more than 200 000 human deaths per year. Although the disease is treatable, there is one major shortcoming: praziquantel has been the only drug used to combat these parasites since 1977. The risk of the emergence of resistant schistosomes is known to be increasing, as a reduced sensitivity of these parasites toward praziquantel has been observed. We developed a new class of substances, which are derived from inhibitors of human aldose reductase, and which showed promising activity against Schistosoma mansoni couples in vitro. Further optimisation of the compounds led to an increase in anti‐schistosomal activity with observed phenotypes such as reduced egg production, vitality, and motility as well as tegumental damage and gut dilatation. Here, we performed structure–activity relationship studies on the carboxylic acid moiety of biarylalkyl carboxylic acids. Out of 82 carboxylic acid amides, we identified 10 compounds that are active against S. mansoni at 25 μm. The best five compounds showed an anti‐schistosomal activity up to 10 μm and induced severe phenotypes. Cytotoxicity tests in human cell lines showed that two derivatives had no cytotoxicity at 50 or 100 μm. These compounds are promising candidates for further optimisation toward the new anti‐schistosomal agents.

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The chronic enteropathogenic disease schistosomiasis

Cited by 80 publications

References 117 publications

Reproductive age-associated fibrosis in the stroma of the mammalian ovary

Reproductive age-associated fibrosis in the stroma of the mammalian ovary

Unexpected hosts: imaging parasitic diseases

Development of Biarylalkyl Carboxylic Acid Amides with Improved Anti‐schistosomal Activity

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