The chromosomal location of rDNA in the Sumatran orangutan, &lt;i&gt;Pongo pygmaeus albei&lt;/i&gt;

Henderson, A.; Warburton, D.; Megraw-Ripley, S.; Atwood, K. C.

doi:10.1159/000131328

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…[21][22][23] Orangutan has nine pairs of chromosomes (2p, 2q, 9, 13-15, 18, 21, and 22) with rDNA. 23,24 The exception to the characteristic multiple distributions among pongidae is gorilla, which has only two pairs of chromosomes (21 and 22) with rDNA. 22,23 The white-handed gibbon, similar to baboon and rhesus monkey, has only one pair of chromosomes (12 and 15 in Figure 2.…”

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The Evolution of Satellite III DNA Subfamilies among Primates

Jarmuż

Glotzbach

Bailey

et al. 2007

The American Journal of Human Genetics

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We demonstrate that satellite III (SatIII) DNA subfamilies cloned from human acrocentric chromosomes arose in the Hominoidea superfamily. Two groups, distinguished by sequence composition, evolved nonconcurrently, with group 2 evolving 16-23 million years ago (MYA) and the more recent group 1 sequences emerging approximately 4.5 MYA. We also show the relative order of emergence of each group 2 subfamily in the various primate species. Our results show that each SatIII subfamily is an independent evolutionary unit, that the rate of evolution is not uniform between species, and that the evolution within a species is not uniform between chromosomes.

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The Evolution of Satellite III DNA Subfamilies among Primates

Jarmuż

Glotzbach

Bailey

et al. 2007

The American Journal of Human Genetics

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“…The ribosomal genes of man, chimpanzee, and pygmy chimpanzee are distributed among nucleolus organizers located on five pairs of chromosomes (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). The gorilla and orangutan have nucleolus organizers on two and eight pairs of chromosomes, respectively (15,16,18). The ribosomal genes of the gibbons are located on a single chromosome pair (15,16,19).…”

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Molecular evidence for genetic exchanges among ribosomal genes on nonhomologous chromosomes in man and apes.

Arnheim¹,

Krystal²,

Schmickel³

et al. 1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

407

215

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We have found that human and ape ribosomal genes undergo concerted evolution involving genetic exchanges among nucleolus organizers on nonhomologous chromosomes. This conclusion is based upon restriction enzyme analysis of the ribosomal gene families in man and five ape species. Certain structural features were found to differ among (but not within) species even though the ribosomal genes have a multichromosomal distribution. Genetic exchanges among nucleolus organizer regions may be related to the well-known phenomenon of acrocentric chromosome associations observed in man and apes. Length variation in a region of the nontranscribed spacer was found in both chimpanzee species we examined. The nature of this length variation was found to be identical to that previously described in man. The origin of the length variation and its polymorphism within these three species might be explained by unequal alignment and unequal crossing-over among the ribosomal genes. An especially surprising finding was a nucleotide sequence polymorphism present in each individual human and ape we examined. Some ribosomal genes of each individual have a HindIl site in the 28S gene about 800 base pairs from the EcoRI site in this gene. The remaining 28S genes lack this HindII site. The presence of this polymorphism within individuals of every species we examined suggests that it has been maintained by natural selection.

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“…rDNA distribution especially of the 18S and 28S loci has been investigated in many species of Primates either by FISH (Henderson et al 1974a,b, 1976 , 1977 , 1979 , Hirai et al 1999 , 2007 , Guillén et al 2004 , Baicharoen et al 2016 ) or silver staining ( Tantravahi et al 1976 , Bedard et al 1978 , Masters et al 1987 , Nagamachi et al 1992 , Hirai et al 2007 , Tanomtong et al 2009 ), including Homo sapiens Linnaeus, 1758. In humans, NORs have been identified on the secondary constriction of five pairs of acrocentric chromosomes: 13, 14, 15, 21 and 22 ( Henderson et al 1972 , Tantravahi et al 1976 ).…”

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Evolutionary insight on localization of 18S, 28S rDNA genes on homologous chromosomes in Primates genomes

Mazzoleni¹,

Rovatsos²,

Schillaci³

et al. 2018

CCG

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We explored the topology of 18S and 28S rDNA units by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the karyotypes of thirteen species representatives from major groups of Primates and Tupaia minor (Günther, 1876) (Scandentia), in order to expand our knowledge of Primate genome reshuffling and to identify the possible dispersion mechanisms of rDNA sequences. We documented that rDNA probe signals were identified on one to six pairs of chromosomes, both acrocentric and metacentric ones. In addition, we examined the potential homology of chromosomes bearing rDNA genes across different species and in a wide phylogenetic perspective, based on the DAPI-inverted pattern and their synteny to human. Our analysis revealed an extensive variability in the topology of the rDNA signals across studied species. In some cases, closely related species show signals on homologous chromosomes, thus representing synapomorphies, while in other cases, signal was detected on distinct chromosomes, leading to species specific patterns. These results led us to support the hypothesis that different mechanisms are responsible for the distribution of the ribosomal DNA cluster in Primates.

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The chromosomal location of rDNA in the Sumatran orangutan, <i>Pongo pygmaeus albei</i>

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

The Evolution of Satellite III DNA Subfamilies among Primates

The Evolution of Satellite III DNA Subfamilies among Primates

Molecular evidence for genetic exchanges among ribosomal genes on nonhomologous chromosomes in man and apes.

Evolutionary insight on localization of 18S, 28S rDNA genes on homologous chromosomes in Primates genomes

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