The Chromogranin–Secretogranin Family

Taupenot, Laurent; Harper, Kimberly L.; O’Connor, Daniel T.

doi:10.1056/nejmra021405

Cited by 771 publications

(688 citation statements)

References 140 publications

(92 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

658

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Chromogranin A is a soluble protein in adrenergic neurons. Although histochemical studies (26,27) revealed that the predominant source of salivary chromogranin A is salivary glands themselves, this protein directly reflects the sympathetic tone and sympathetic stress response (13,21,22,38). The results agree with previously obtained human data (34) and, at hormonal level, correspond to the results reported in pigs (37).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The effect was comparable in men and women, and therefore summarized results for all subjects are shown. State part of the STAI inventory (lower part alomo-pituitary-adrenal hormone cortisol and the sympathetic system marker, chromogranin-A (13,21,22,38), were used as objective measures of stress response. The standard Japanese version of the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI, 36) served as a subjective measure of stress and anxiety perception.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Oral treatment with L-lysine and L-arginine reduces anxiety and basal cortisol levels in healthy humans

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dietary supplementation with an essential amino acid L-lysine has been shown to reduce chronic anxiety in humans with low dietary intake of L-lysine. A combination of L-lysine and L-arginine has been documented to normalize hormonal stress responses in humans with high trait anxiety. The present study was carried out in one hundred eight healthy Japanese adults. The aim of study was to find out whether a week-long oral treatment with L-lysine (2.64 g per day) and L-arginine (2.64 g per day) reduces trait and stress-induced state anxiety and basal levels of stress hormones. We confirmed that, without regard to gender, the amino acid treatment significantly reduced both trait anxiety and state anxiety induced by cognitive stress battery. In addition, we found that the treatment with L-lysine and L-arginine decreased the basal levels of salivary cortisol and chromogranin-A (a salivary marker of the sympatho-adrenal system) in male subjects. These results of this double-blind, placebo controlled and randomized study confirm the previous findings in humans and animals and point to a combination of L-lysine and L-arginine as a potentially useful dietary intervention in otherwise healthy humans with high subjective levels of mental stress and anxiety.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral treatment with L-lysine and L-arginine reduces anxiety and basal cortisol levels in healthy humans

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It remains largely unknown whether the exocytosis of distinct SGs in single cells occurs under the same or different controls. Pancreatic beta cells and beta cell lines are also known to synthesise, in addition to insulin, a number of other secretory proteins, including members of the granin family, chromogranin A and chromogranin B (CgB) [7][8][9][10]. Based on intracellular distribution studies [7,8] and on data obtained in other cell lines (AtT20 and PC12), these granins are believed to play important roles both in the sorting, packaging and processing of secretion products [11][12][13][14], and in the storage of Ca 2+ within SG lumina [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beta cell chromogranin B is partially segregated in distinct granules and can be released separately from insulin in response to stimulation

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims/hypothesis We investigated, in three beta cell lines (INS-1E, RIN-5AH, betaTC3) and in human and rodent primary beta cells, the storage and release of chromogranin B, a secretory protein expressed in beta cells and postulated to play an autocrine role. We asked whether chromogranin B is stored together with and discharged in constant ratio to insulin upon various stimuli. Methods The intracellular distribution of insulin and chromogranin B was revealed by immunofluorescence followed by three-dimensional image reconstruction and by immunoelectron microscopy; their stimulated discharge was measured by ELISA and immunoblot analysis of homogenates and incubation media. Results Insulin and chromogranin B, co-localised in the Golgi complex/trans-Golgi network, appeared largely segregated from each other in the secretory granule compartment. In INS-1E cells, the percentage of granules positive only for insulin or chromogranin B and of those positive for both was 66, 7 and 27%, respectively. In resting cells, both insulin and chromogranin B were concentrated in the granule cores; upon stimulation, chromogranin B (but not insulin) was largely redistributed to the core periphery and the surrounding halo. Strong stimulation with a secretagogue mixture induced parallel release of insulin and chromogranin B, whereas with 3-isobutyl-1-methylxantine and forskolin ± high glucose release of chromogranin B predominated. Weak, Ca 2+ -dependent stimulation with ionomycin or carbachol induced exclusive release of chromogranin B, suggesting a higher Ca 2+ sensitivity of the specific granules. Conclusions/interpretation The unexpected complexity of the beta cell granule population in terms

show abstract

“…Chromogranin A (CgA) is an acidic protein that is stored and co-released by exocytosis with catecholamines from the adrenal medulla and sympathetic nerve endings (10,13,14), thus, it is considered to be a valuable indicator of sympathoadrenal activity (16). Recently, salivary CgA was shown to be produced by the human submandibular gland and secreted into saliva (11), and is considered to be a sensitive and reliable index for evaluating psychological stress.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian rhythm of human salivary chromogranin A

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigated the circadian rhythm of chromogranin A (CgA) concentrations in saliva and blood samples from 40 male college students collected at 7 : 00, 8 : 00, 10 : 30, 12 : 30, 17 : 30, and 22 : 30. CgA concentrations were determined by ELISA. Salivary CgA levels peaked upon awakening, and then quickly decreased to the nadir after 1 hour and maintained a low level throughout the day. On the other hand, plasma CgA did not show any obvious circadian rhythm. These findings suggest that salivary and plasma CgA has different routes of secretion.

show abstract

The Chromogranin–Secretogranin Family

Cited by 771 publications

References 140 publications

Oral treatment with L-lysine and L-arginine reduces anxiety and basal cortisol levels in healthy humans

Oral treatment with L-lysine and L-arginine reduces anxiety and basal cortisol levels in healthy humans

Beta cell chromogranin B is partially segregated in distinct granules and can be released separately from insulin in response to stimulation

Circadian rhythm of human salivary chromogranin A

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About