The Cholinergic-Regulated Thalamocortical Imagining as Mind Differentiated in Two Phases of Sleep: A View from the Guangdong People

Abstract

Recently, many achievements on neural sciences have been made by the people in television, such as the adipose cause of male hypothalamic aging, and so on. In this article, it is reported that, on June 17 this year in evening in television, the people in Guangdong attending the Opening Ceremony of BRICS Games there suggested that the cholinergic-regulated thalamocortical activation would result in the cortical imagining in mind in sleep. In slow wave sleep, due to the inhibition of thalamic intralaminar nuclei, it would cause the thalamocortical spindle and random free imagining in mind away from the environment by the remaining weak cholinergic activity. In rapid eye movement sleep, due to the activation of the nonspecific thalamic intralaminar nuclei, it would cause the desynchronized dream with conscious attention and imagination in mind by the saliently active cholinergic system. It is thus simply demonstrated the secret of mind in sleep that many people are interested in, which is perspective in application to hypnosis and psychoanalysis.

Classification of three forms of regulations on emotional/autonomic nervous system by slow wave sleep

“…The forebrain in SWS is characterized as decrease in vigilance (Cai, 2016(Cai, , 2017(Cai, , 2018a with orientation to processing irregularly acquired memories (Cai, 1991(Cai, , 1995Inostroza & Born, 2013;Rasch & Born, 2013). In waking, the reticular noradrenergic(NA), serotonergic(5-HT), acetylcholinergic(ACh) and dopaminergic(DA) systems are all active (Foote, Bloom & Aston-Jones, 1983;Kayama & Koyama, 2003;McGinty & Szymusiak, 1988), so are the nonspecific intralaminar/midline nuclei of thalamus (Cai, 2017;Van der Werf, Witter & Groenewegen, 2002).…”

“…The forebrain in SWS is characterized as decrease in vigilance (Cai, 2016(Cai, , 2017(Cai, , 2018a with orientation to processing irregularly acquired memories (Cai, 1991(Cai, , 1995Inostroza & Born, 2013;Rasch & Born, 2013). In waking, the reticular noradrenergic(NA), serotonergic(5-HT), acetylcholinergic(ACh) and dopaminergic(DA) systems are all active (Foote, Bloom & Aston-Jones, 1983;Kayama & Koyama, 2003;McGinty & Szymusiak, 1988), so are the nonspecific intralaminar/midline nuclei of thalamus (Cai, 2017;Van der Werf, Witter & Groenewegen, 2002). In SWS, the NA and 5-HT systems decrease somewhat in discharge (Foote, Bloom & Aston-Jones, 1983;Kayama & Koyama, 2003;McGinty & Szymusiak, 1988), while the ACh system (Cai, 2017;Kayama & Koyama, 2003) and nonspecific intralaminar/ midline nuclei of thalamus (Cai, 2017;Van der Werf, Witter & Groenewegen, 2002) decrease more.…”

“…Cai has suggested that in waking the hippocampus and amygdala regulate such descending limbic structures as the mammillary bodies, septum, hypothalamus and epithalamus to regulate the ascending NA, 5-HT, ACh and DA systems, accomplishing declarative memory consolidation and recall (Cai, 1990(Cai, , 2018b. In SWS, although the ACh system (Cai, 2017;Kayama & Koyama, 2003) and nonspecific intralaminar/midline nuclei of thalamus (Cai, 2017;Van der Werf, Witter & Groenewegen, 2002) decrease much in discharge, the NA and 5-HT systems only decrease somewhat in discharge (Foote, Bloom & Aston-Jones, 1983;Kayama & Koyama, 2003;McGinty & Szymusiak, 1988), therefore favorable in state to external orientation while against depression. Via the mutual interactions of NA/5-HT systems with the subcortical limbic structures (Cai, 1990(Cai, , 2018bFoote, Bloom & Aston-Jones, 1983;Kayama & Koyama, 2003;McGinty & Szymusiak, 1988), the SWS may orient the forebrain to increase the ratio of signal/ noise to environmental input after awake (Madison & Nicoll, 1986), while adjust the emotional balance against depression (Kidman, 1985;Nutt, 2002).…”