The “China Seas” in world history: A general outline of the role of Chinese and East Asian maritime space from its origins to c. 1800

Schottenhammer, Angela

doi:10.1016/j.imic.2012.11.002

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…A certain level of admixture may be caused by multiple introductions during the initial stages of invasion, which, in turn, may cause an increase in genetic diversity favouring expansion and adaptation [ 98 , 99 ]. The historical networks of trade and exchanges across East Asian maritime space, the ‘China seas’ [ 100 ], may have facilitated the diffusion of propagules. It is noteworthy that our Japanese sample was collected in the Southwestern region, which represents an ancestral area in which the mosquito was well established for a long time, and from where it expanded its infestation range northwards [ 101 , 102 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic evidence for a worldwide chaotic dispersion pattern of the arbovirus vector, Aedes albopictus

et al. 2017

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BackgroundInvasive species represent a global concern for their rapid spread and the possibility of infectious disease transmission. This is the case of the global invader Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito. This species is a vector of medically important arboviruses, notably chikungunya (CHIKV), dengue (DENV) and Zika (ZIKV). The reconstruction of the complex colonization pattern of this mosquito has great potential for mitigating its spread and, consequently, disease risks.Methodology/Principal findingsClassical population genetics analyses and Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) approaches were combined to disentangle the demographic history of Aedes albopictus populations from representative countries in the Southeast Asian native range and in the recent and more recently colonized areas. In Southeast Asia, the low differentiation and the high co-ancestry values identified among China, Thailand and Japan indicate that, in the native range, these populations maintain high genetic connectivity, revealing their ancestral common origin. China appears to be the oldest population. Outside Southeast Asia, the invasion process in La Réunion, America and the Mediterranean Basin is primarily supported by a chaotic propagule distribution, which cooperates in maintaining a relatively high genetic diversity within the adventive populations.Conclusions/SignificanceFrom our data, it appears that independent and also trans-continental introductions of Ae. albopictus may have facilitated the rapid establishment of adventive populations through admixture of unrelated genomes. As a consequence, a great amount of intra-population variability has been detected, and it is likely that this variability may extend to the genetic mechanisms controlling vector competence. Thus, in the context of the invasion process of this mosquito, it is possible that both population ancestry and admixture contribute to create the conditions for the efficient transmission of arboviruses and for outbreak establishment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic evidence for a worldwide chaotic dispersion pattern of the arbovirus vector, Aedes albopictus

et al. 2017

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“…From the Qin and Han periods (BC 221eAD 220) maritime silk-roads reached northward to Japan, southward to Singapore, and westward to India. During the Song period (AD 960e1297), the maritime silk-road reached its climax in countries of Southeast Asia and countries along the East Coast of Africa (Schottenhammer, 2012).…”

Section: Historical Documentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into tropical cyclone behaviour through examining maritime disasters over the past 1000 years based on the dynastic histories of China – A dedication to Ocean Researcher V

Liu

Chen

Liu

et al. 2017

Quaternary International

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“…A tenth century bce bronze inscription mentions the term ‘hai 海’ as meaning ‘sea’, while the term ‘yang 洋’ is restricted to signifying a ‘vast, expansive space’. Chinese political philosophy saw China surrounded by four seas (sihai 四海), located close to three oceans (yang 洋; Schottenhammer, 2012, p. 67). Chinese culture was the synthesis of several traditions that covered not only the Yellow River drainage basin ( zhong guo or the kingdoms of the centre) where wen (culture or civilization) emerged but also the Bohai Gulf’s shores as far as the Liaodong Peninsula, the Yangtze River’s lower reaches, and the southeastern coast.…”

Section: The China Seasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying the Asian Ocean-Sea

Mukherjee¹

2020

India Quarterly

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This article urges a rethinking of South Asian cosmography to counter our notion of seascapes lying outside notions of sovereignty, territoriality and technologies of control. While seas have emerged as central to economic and political security for most of the worlds’ states, this is seen as a comparatively new phenomenon because South Asia’s territoriality has always been seen as land-based. The emphasis on the modern has resulted in a neglect of South Asia’s rich tradition of maritime expressiveness and generates a ‘maritime blindness’ affecting policy formulation, despite works on seafaring which trace diverse maritime perceptions from Pali and Sanskrit literature, sculptures, coins, paintings and epigraphy. This article claims that waterscapes were not absent in Asian ideas of territoriality, but differentiating between awareness in literary expressions of political selfhood wherein rulers saw the sea as boundary or even space of overlordship, and actual instances of ordering and controlling maritime spaces is important. By contrast, China’s example as keeper of meticulous records pertaining to maritime matters shows attempts at actively controlling maritime spaces and provides new ways of reading South Asian perceptions of the sea.

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The “China Seas” in world history: A general outline of the role of Chinese and East Asian maritime space from its origins to c. 1800

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic evidence for a worldwide chaotic dispersion pattern of the arbovirus vector, Aedes albopictus

Genetic evidence for a worldwide chaotic dispersion pattern of the arbovirus vector, Aedes albopictus

Insight into tropical cyclone behaviour through examining maritime disasters over the past 1000 years based on the dynastic histories of China – A dedication to Ocean Researcher V

Studying the Asian Ocean-Sea

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